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Wood Assemblies

These ASTM standards outline the fasteners, plates, connections, and other ways to assemble wooden structures.

ASTM D1761-20

Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Fasteners in Wood and Wood-Based Materials

1.1 These test methods provide a basic procedure for evaluating the withdrawal and lateral resistance of fasteners installed in wood and wood-based materials. Spikes are included as nails in this standard. 1.2 The tests also provide a basis for determining comparable performance of different types and sizes of fasteners installed in wood and wood-based materials. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D5124-96(2018)

Standard Practice for Testing and Use of a Random Number Generator in Lumber and Wood Products Simulation

1.1 This practice gives a minimum testing procedure of computer generation routines for the standard uniform distribution. Random observations from the standard uniform distribution, R U , range from zero to one with every value between zero and one having an equal chance of occurrence. 1.2 The tests described in this practice only support the basic use of random number generators, not their use in complex or extremely precise simulations. 1.3 Simulation details for the normal, lognormal, 2-parameter Weibull and 3-parameter Weibull probability distributions are presented. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See specific warning statement in 5.5.3 . 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D5652-21

Standard Test Methods for Single-Bolt Connections in Wood and Wood-Based Products

1.1 These test methods cover procedures for evaluating the strength and stiffness of single-bolt connections in wood or wood-based products when subjected to short-term static loading. These test methods serve as a basis for determining the effects of various factors on the strength and stiffness of the connection. Long-term loading and creep displacement characteristics are outside the scope of this protocol. 1.2 These test methods are intended for situations employing a smooth shank bolt with a constant diameter. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D5764-97a(2018)

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Dowel-Bearing Strength of Wood and Wood-Based Products

1.1 This test method provides the basic procedure for evaluating dowel-bearing strength of wood and wood-based products. The bearing test results are used to determine the static load resistance and deformation characteristics of connections in wood and wood-base products resulting from the application of a load transmitted by a fastener inserted into a predrilled hole, or driven without drilling. Methods are given for preparing specimens with predrilled holes larger than the fastener diameter and specimens with holes produced by inserting fasteners in holes smaller than the fastener diameter. The methods apply to fasteners such as dowels, bolts, nails, spikes, drift pins, screws, lag screws, and staples. 1.2 This test method also provides the basis for determining the compression behavior of wood products beneath a laterally loaded fastener where the thickness of the product and the diameter of the fastener are such that minimal bending of the fastener occurs during testing. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D5933-19

Standard Specification for 258-in. and 4-in. Diameter Metal Shear Plates for Use in Wood Constructions

1.1 This specification covers standardizing the dimensions and materials for the manufacture of 2 5 / 8 and 4-in. diameter steel or cast iron shear plates used in the fabrication of connections in wood constructions. The referencing of this specification in design, construction, and purchase order documents gives the using parties assurance that the shear plates to be used in an assembly meet minimum materials quality standards and that dimensions for fabrication and finish can be relied on to ensure connection performance. This specification provides regulatory agencies with a set of standards by which to judge the acceptability of shear plates encountered in the field and in fabricators' shops. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 Safety Hazards There are no known hazards with the use of this specification. It is necessary that the products manufactured to this specification not be brittle or difficult to install with proper tools. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D6513-21

Standard Practice for Calculating the Superimposed Load on Wood-frame Walls for Standard Fire-Resistance Tests

1.1 This practice covers procedures for calculating the superimposed axial load required to be applied to load-bearing wood-frame walls throughout standard fire-resistance and fire and hose-stream tests. 1.2 The calculations determine the maximum load allowed by design for wood-frame wall assemblies under nationally recognized structural design criteria. 1.3 This practice is only applicable to those wood-frame assemblies for which the nationally recognized structural design criteria are contained in the National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS). 2 1.4 The system of units to be used is that of the nationally recognized structural design criteria. For the NDS, the units are inch-pound. 1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D6555-17

Standard Guide for Evaluating System Effects in Repetitive-Member Wood Assemblies

1.1 This guide identifies variables to consider when evaluating repetitive-member assembly performance for parallel framing systems. 1.2 This guide defines terms commonly used to describe interaction mechanisms. 1.3 This guide discusses general approaches to quantifying an assembly adjustment including limitations of methods and materials when evaluating repetitive-member assembly performance. 1.4 This guide does not detail the techniques for modeling or testing repetitive-member assembly performance. 1.5 The analysis and discussion presented in this guideline are based on the assumption that a means exists for distributing applied loads among adjacent, parallel supporting members of the system. 1.6 Evaluation of creep effects is beyond the scope of this guide. 1.7 This guide does not purport to suggest or establish appropriate safety levels for assemblies, but cautions users that designers often interpret that safety levels for assemblies and full structures should be higher than safety levels for individual structural members. Note 1: Methods other than traditional safety factor approaches, such as reliability methods, are increasingly used to estimate the probability of failure of structural elements. However, the extension of these methods to assemblies or to complete structures is still evolving. For example, complete structures will likely exhibit less variability than individual structural elements. Additionally, there is a potential for beneficial changes in failure modes (i.e., more ductile failure modes in systems). These considerations are beyond the scope of this guide. 1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI equivalents are approximate in many cases. 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D7147-21

Standard Specification for Testing and Establishing Allowable Loads of Joist Hangers

1.1 This specification covers a procedure for evaluating metal devices used for wood-to-wood, wood-to-concrete, wood-to-concrete masonry, and wood-to-steel connections. This method is intended for use with devices used to connect joists, beams, and girders together. These devices are commonly described as joist hangers. 1.2 This specification describes test methods for evaluating the capacities of joist hangers subject to vertical and torsional loading. 1.3 This specification provides a method of assigning allowable loads to joist hangers based on measured strength and deformation characteristics. Information obtained by the provisions of this specification is applicable to design when using the Allowable Stress Design method. 1.4 Units - The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D7672-19

Standard Specification for Evaluating Structural Capacities of Rim Board Products and Assemblies

1.1 This specification provides procedures for testing and establishing the structural capacities of proprietary rim board products and assemblies for use in light-frame wood construction using I-joist or structural composite lumber joist framing. This specification does not apply to commodity rim board products. 1.2 This specification was developed in light of currently manufactured panel, structural composite lumber, and pre-fabricated I-joist rim board products as defined in 3.2 . Materials that do not conform to the definitions of 3.2 are beyond the scope of this specification. 1.3 Fire safety, sound transmission, building envelope performance, and cutting/notching attributes of rim board products and assemblies fall outside the scope of this specification. 1.4 This specification primarily considers end use in dry service conditions, such as most protected framing members, where the equilibrium moisture content for solid-sawn lumber is less than 16 %. 1.5 This specification provides methods to establish allowable stress design resistances for use with the National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS). Derivation of design resistances from the test data in accordance with load and resistance factor design or limit states design are beyond the scope of this specification. 1.6 Quality control requirements are outside the scope of this Specification. 1.7 The performance of a rim board product will be affected by the constituent wood species, geometry, adhesive, and production parameters. Therefore, rim board products produced by each individual manufacturer shall be evaluated to determine their product properties, regardless of the similarity in characteristics to products produced by other manufacturers. 1.8 Where a manufacturer produces product in more than one facility, each production facility shall be evaluated independently. For additional production facilities, any revisions to the full qualification program in accordance with this specification shall be approved by an accredited, independent qualifying agency. 1.9 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D7746-21

Standard Practice for Calculating the Superimposed Load on Wood-frame Floor-Ceiling Assemblies for Standard Fire-Resistance Tests

1.1 This practice covers procedures for calculating the superimposed load required to be applied to load-bearing wood-frame floor-ceiling assemblies throughout standard fire-resistance tests. 1.2 These calculations determine the maximum superimposed load to be applied to the floor-ceiling assembly during the fire resistance test. The maximum superimposed load, calculated in accordance with nationally-recognized structural design criteria, shall be designed to induce the maximum allowable stress in the wood floor-ceiling fire test configuration being tested. 1.3 This practice is only applicable to those wood-frame floor-ceiling assemblies for which the nationally recognized structural design criteria are contained in the National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS). 1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D7989-21

Standard Practice for Demonstrating Equivalent In-Plane Lateral Seismic Performance to Wood-Frame Shear Walls Sheathed with Wood Structural Panels

1.1 This practice establishes a method for alternative shear wall systems to compare seismic equivalency parameters (SEP) derived from cyclic in-plane racking tests to performance targets derived from tests of light-frame shear walls constructed with wood structural panel (WSP) sheathing attached to dimension lumber framing using nails. 1.2 This practice considers only the performance of shear walls subject to cyclic lateral loading, parallel to the plane of the shear wall. Design of walls with openings and performance for other wall functions, such as out-of-plane bending, combined shear and uplift, and so forth are not considered. 1.3 This practice is applicable only to shear walls where all vertical-load-supporting elements are intact at the end of the in-plane lateral load test and remain capable of supporting gravity loads. Wall assemblies whose vertical-load-supporting elements buckle or otherwise become incapable of supporting gravity loads during the lateral load test are outside the scope of this practice. In addition, for bearing wall systems, this practice assumes that the shear wall system under evaluation has documented design procedures to ensure that vertical-load-supporting elements have adequate resistance to the combined effect of compression loads caused by overturning and gravity loads. 1.4 This practice does not address height limitations, detailing requirements, wall openings, derivation of design values for strength and stiffness, or other requirements and limitations that may be necessary for an alternative shear wall system. These requirements shall be provided elsewhere, such as by a suitable product standard for the alternative shear wall system. 1.5 This practice assumes that the stiffness or deformation of the alternative shear wall system can be estimated, and that design loads within a structure will be distributed among seismically equivalent wall systems based on their relative stiffness. 1.6 This practice is not intended to preclude other rational means of evaluating seismic performance. 1.7 This practice assumes that the alternative shear wall system may be used alone or in combination with wood-frame shear walls sheathed with wood structural panels. 1.8 Units - The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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