PDF Price
$55.00
ADD TO CART
General Laser Standards cover a wide range of laser standards. Laser diffraction, test methods and performance evaluations are some of the standards in this section.
This Standard establishes requirements and methods for the specification, evaluation, setup, and use of laser interferometers. This Standard will explicitly discuss only single-pass optics and a single axis of linear displacement measurement. The Standar
This document provides guidance on instrument qualification and size distribution measurement of particles in many two-phase systems (e.g. powders, sprays, aerosols, suspensions, emulsions and gas bubbles in liquids) through the analysis of their light-scattering properties. It does not address the specific requirements of particle size measurement of specific materials.
This document is applicable to particle sizes ranging from approximately 0,1 µm to 3 mm. With special instrumentation and conditions, the applicable size range can be extended above 3 mm and below 0,1 µm.
For spherical and non-spherical particles, a size distribution is reported, where the predicted scattering pattern for the volumetric sum of spherical particles matches the measured scattering pattern. This is because the technique assumes a spherical particle shape in its optical model. For non-spherical particles the resulting particle size distribution is different from that obtained by methods based on other physical principles (e.g. sedimentation, sieving).
1.1 This test method covers the determination of particle size distribution of alumina or quartz using laser light-scattering instrumentation in the range from 0.1 to 500 μm.
1.2 The procedure described in this test method may be applied to other nonplastic ceramic powders. It is at the discretion of the user to determine the method's applicability.
1.3 This test method applies to analysis using aqueous dispersions.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 Quartz has been classified by IARC as a Group I carcinogen. For specific hazard information in handling this material, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ISO/TR 11146-3:2004 specifies methods for measuring beam widths (diameter), divergence angles and beam propagation ratios of laser beams in support of ISO 11146-1. It provides the theoretical description of laser beam characterization based on the second-order moments of the Wigner distribution, including geometrical and intrinsic beam characterization, and offers important details for proper background subtraction methods recommendable for matrix detectors such as CCD cameras. It also presents alternative methods for the characterization of stigmatic or simple astigmatic beams that are applicable where matrix detectors are unavailable or deliver unsatisfying results.
This document specifies the acceptance tests for verifying the performance of a laser tracker by measuring calibrated test lengths, according to the specifications of the manufacturer. It also specifies the reverification tests that enable the user to periodically reverify the performance of the laser tracker. The acceptance and reverification tests given in this document are applicable to laser trackers utilizing a retroreflector, or a retroreflector in combination with a stylus or optical distance sensor, as a probing system. Laser trackers that use interferometric measurement (IFM), absolute distance measurement (ADM) or both can be verified using this document. This document can also be used to specify and verify the relevant performance tests of other spherical coordinate measurement systems that use cooperative targets, such as “laser radar†systems. NOTE Systems which do not track the target, such as laser radar systems, will not be tested for probing performance. This document does not explicitly apply to measuring systems that do not use a spherical coordinate system. However, interested parties can apply this document to such systems by mutual agreement. This document specifies: — performance requirements that can be assigned by the manufacturer or the user of the laser tracker; — the manner of execution of the acceptance and reverification tests to demonstrate the stated requirements; — rules for proving comformity; — applications for which the acceptance and reverification tests can be used.
This guideline includes performance, reporting, and quality assurance recommendations for the identification of cultured microorganisms by medical laboratory professionals using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Recommendations for end-user verification and workflow integration are also included.
1.1 This specification covers laser and laser hybrid welded austenitic, ferritic, and duplex (ferritic-austenitic) stainless steel bars, plates, and shapes of structural quality for use in bolted or welded structural applications.
Note 1: The term laser fusion is also used to describe laser welding.
1.1.1 Supplementary requirements (S1, S2, S3) of an optional nature are provided. They shall apply only when specified by the purchaser.
1.2 Shapes covered in this specification include those classified in Article 3.1.2 of Specification A6/A6M, Specification A554 square and rectangular hollow sections, and additional shapes, including customized, that are made from two or more shapes or plates.
1.3 This specification establishes the minimum requirements for manufacturing of laser and laser hybrid welded stainless steel shapes.
1.4 This specification refers to Specifications A240/A240M, A276/A276M, A554, or A479/A479M for chemical requirements, but the mechanical test requirements are determined by the mechanical properties section of this standard.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This document is intended to give guidance to users, regulators and persons in the aviation field who may be affected by the potential visual interference effects of lasers aimed at aircraft by the general public. The potential effects include startle (distraction, disruption, disorientation, and operational incapacitation), glare, and flashblindness. This document provides mitigation strategies against such effects, including operational procedures, pilot education, and the use of Laser Glare Protection. Prevention of harm from laser eye injuries is discussed but is not a focus of this document, due to the extremely low likelihood of injurious levels of laser light in typical aircraft illumination scenarios. Devices for detecting and reporting hazardous laser illuminations are briefly described in Appendix D, but are not a focus of this document. Some information in this document may also be useful for non-aviation users, such as persons driving vehicles. Additional information can be found in ANSI Z136.6, “Safe Use of Lasers Outdoors”.
This Standard prescribes methods for the performance evaluation of laser-based spherical coordinate measurement systems and provides a basis for performance comparisons among such systems. Definitions, environmental requirements, and test methods are included with emphasis on point-to-point length measurements. The specified test methods are appropriate for the performance evaluation of a majority of such instruments and are not intended to replace more complete tests that may be required for special applications. This Standard establishes requirements and methods for specifying and testing the performance of a class of spherical coordinate measurement systems called laser trackers.1 A laser tracker is an instrument that directs the light from a ranging device to a retroreflecting target (called a retroreflector) by means of a two-axis rotary steering mechanism while monitoring the angular position of these rotary axes, thereby forming a spherical coordinate metrology system. Such an instrument may measure a static target, track and measure a moving target, or measure (and perhaps track) some combination of static and moving targets.
This Standard focuses specifically on the use of laser trackers as industrial measurement tools rather than their use in surveying or geodesy. Specified tests are designed to evaluate the point-to-point length measurement capabilities of these instruments. Additional tests are included that evaluate the range measurement capability of laser trackers equipped with absolute distance meters (ADMs). The tests do not evaluate workpiece thermal compensation capability and are not sensitive to spherically mounted retroreflector (SMR) imperfections.
This specification establishes process controls for the repeatable production of aerospace parts by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF). It is intended to be used for aerospace parts manufactured using Additive Manufacturing (AM) metal alloys, but usage is not limited to such applications.