Vocabulary

Nanotechnology vocabulary standards are published by ASTM, ISO, and IEC. Because nanotechnology is a highly specialized field that is ever-changing, it is important to have standardized terms so that different entities can communicate effectively with one another on the subject. ISO/TR 12802 covers the development of terms that are not yet widely used, while the ISO/TS 80004 series covers terms categorized by material and application. Also noteworthy is ASTM E2909-13, which standardizes data formatting so that entities can share valuable research with one another to advance the field of nanotechnology together.

ASTM E2456-06(2020)

Standard Terminology Relating to Nanotechnology

1.1 Nanotechnology is an emerging field; this standard defines the novel terminology developed for its broad multi- and interdisciplinary activities. As the needs of this area develop, this standard will evolve accordingly. Its content may be referenced or adopted, or both, in whole or in part, as demanded by the needs of the individual user. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ISO/TR 12802:2010

Nanotechnologies - Model taxonomic framework for use in developing vocabularies - Core concepts

ISO/TR 12802:2010 establishes core concepts for nanotechnology in a model taxonomic framework. It is intended to facilitate communication and promote common understanding.

ISO/TS 12805:2011

Nanotechnologies - Materials specifications - Guidance on specifying nano-objects

ISO/TS 12805:2011 provides guidance on the preparation of specifications for the characteristics of manufactured nano-objects and their measurement methods. This is intended to help ensure the delivery of products with consistent properties for subsequent processing and/or final product performance. ISO/TS 12805:2011 includes guidance on specifying the physical and chemical characteristics of manufactured nano-objects, which might affect performance or subsequent processing.

ISO/TS 18110:2015

Nanotechnologies - Vocabularies for science, technology and innovation indicators

ISO/TS 18110:2015 aims to provide the necessary definitions that specify the bounds of key innovation indicators as they relate to nanotechnology, in order to facilitate and unify the global assessment of nanotechnology activities in different areas. The availability of these terms can help the measurement and comparison of various indicators in this field. This Technical Specification does not intend to redefine terms that are already defined in other ISO documents. Furthermore, there is no intention to show how the indicators can be used as an assessment tool.

ISO/TR 14786:2014

Nanotechnologies - Considerations for the development of chemical nomenclature for selected nano-objects

ISO/TR 14786:2014 is intended to provide information and analyses in support of the development of chemical nomenclature for the naming of nano-objects . Nano-objects have been defined in ISO/TS 80004 1:2010 to mean materials with one, two, or three external dimensions in the nanoscale , with the nanoscale defined as the size range from approximately 1 nm to 100 nm . Nano-objects are further defined as nanoplates, nanofibres, and nanoparticles. More specifically, the nano-objects that are the subject of ISO/TR 14786:2014 are discrete chemical entities rather than devices or mixtures (preparations). The nano-objects discussed in this Technical Report are not intended to constitute an exhaustive list. ISO/TR 14786:2014 is intended to facilitate communications between developers and potential users of nomenclature including academia, industry, government and non-governmental organizations.

IEC/TS 62622 Ed. 1.0 en:2012

Nanotechnologies - Description, measurement and dimensional quality parameters of artificial gratings

IEC/TS 62622:2012(E), which is a technical specification, specifies the generic terminology for the global and local quality parameters of artificial gratings, interpreted in terms of deviations from nominal positions of grating features, and provides guidance on the categorization of measurement and evaluation methods for their determination. This specification is intended to facilitate communication among manufacturers, users and calibration laboratories dealing with the characterization of the dimensional quality parameters of artificial gratings used in nanotechnology. This specification supports quality assurance in the production and use of artificial gratings in different areas of application in nanotechnology. Whilst the definitions and described methods are universal to a large variety of different gratings, the focus is on one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) gratings.

ISO/TR 17302:2015

Nanotechnologies - Framework for identifying vocabulary development for nanotechnology applications in human healthcare

ISO/TR 17302:2015 will not attempt a formal, comprehensive definition of nanomedicine . Instead, it will provide a taxonomic framework for the development of vocabulary for clinical applications of nanotechnologies in human healthcare. While it is understood that the origins of nanotechnologies for healthcare applications emerge from pre-clinical and translational research, the interest of this Technical Report is to determine where these technologies will impact the clinical value chain and the practice of medicine. ISO/TR 17302:2015 is intended to facilitate communications between developers and users of nanotechnologies, deliverers and users of medicine including the pharmaceutical, research and medical communities, regulatory professionals, and additional organizations and individuals who might interact with these groups, including biotechnology, diagnostic, and medical device companies, the life sciences, patent attorneys and patent offices, institutional review boards, ethics review boards, and accreditation organizations.

ISO/TS 20477:2017

Nanotechnologies - Standard terms and their definition for cellulose nanomaterial

ISO/TS 20477:2017 defines terms and definitions for different types of cellulose nanomaterials including secondary components found in cellulose nanomaterials due to their manufacturing processes. The document also gives information on cellulose micromaterials in Annex A. Where necessary, terms from the ISO/IEC 80004 vocabulary series are included in this document. Terms in this document are applicable to all types of cellulose nanomaterials regardless of production methods and their origin (plants, animals, algae or bacteria).

ASTM E2909-13

Standard Guide for Investigation/Study/Assay Tab-Delimited Format for Nanotechnologies (ISA-TAB-Nano): Standard File Format for the Submission and Exchange of Data on Nanomaterials and Characterizations

1.1 This guide (ISA-TAB-Nano) specifies the format for representing and sharing information about nanomaterials, small molecules and biological specimens along with their assay characterization data (including metadata, and summary data) using spreadsheet or TAB-delimited files. 1.2 The Appendices Sections contain a detailed listing of ISA-TAB-Nano fields ( Appendix X1 ), a practical example ( Appendix X2 ), a discussion of optional files ( Appendix X3 ), and summary of background ( Appendix X4 ). 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ISO/TS 80004-2:2015

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 2: Nano-objects

ISO/TS 80004-2:2015 lists terms and definitions related to particles in the field of nanotechnologies.

ISO/TS 80004-3:2020

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 3: Carbon nano-objects

This document defines terms related to carbon nano-objects in the field of nanotechnologies. It is intended to facilitate communication between organizations' and individuals' research, industry and other interested parties and those who interact with them. Additional terms and definitions for graphene and two-dimensional materials (2D) materials are provided in ISO/TS 80004-13. Related carbon nanoscale materials are given in Annex A.

ISO/TS 80004-4:2011

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 4: Nanostructured materials

ISO/TS 80004-4:2011 gives terms and definitions for materials in the field of nanotechnologies where one or more components are nanoscale regions and the materials exhibit properties attributable to the presence of those nanoscale regions. It is intended to facilitate communications between organizations and individuals in industry and those who interact with them. Materials classified as nanostructured have an internal or surface structure with a significant fraction of features, grains, voids or precipitates in the nanoscale. Articles that contain nano-objects or nanostructured materials are not necessarily nanostructured materials themselves. ISO/TS 80004-4:2011 includes nanodispersion.

ISO/TS 80004-6:2021

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 6: Nano-object characterization

This document defines terms related to the characterization of nano-objects in the field of nanotechnologies. It is intended to facilitate communication between organizations and individuals in research, industry and other interested parties and those who interact with them.

ISO/TS 80004-7:2011

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 7: Diagnostics and therapeutics for healthcare

ISO/TS 80004-7:2011 is applicable to the use of nanotechnologies in medical diagnostics and therapeutics. Terms relating to the applications of nanotechnology in healthcare might also be addressed in other parts of ISO/TS 80004 and in other documents. Terms relating to the exploitation of material features at the nanoscale for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes in relation to human disease come within the scope of ISO/TS 80004-7:2011. Nanoscale properties can be embodied in materials that contain nanoscale elements, or are themselves of nanoscale dimensions. ISO/TS 80004-7:2011 provides consistent and unambiguous use of terms for healthcare professionals, manufacturers, consumers, technologists, patent agents, regulators, NGOs, and researchers, etc.

ISO/TS 80004-8:2020

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 8: Nanomanufacturing processes

This document defines terms related to nanomanufacturing processes in the field of nanotechnologies. All the process terms in this document are relevant to nanomanufacturing, however, many of the listed processes are not exclusively relevant to the nanoscale. Terms that are not exclusive are noted within the definitions. Depending on controllable conditions, such processes can result in material features at the nanoscale or, alternatively, at larger scales. There are many other terms that name tools, components, materials, systems control methods or metrology methods associated with nanomanufacturing that are beyond the scope of this document. Terms and definitions from other parts of the ISO/TS 80004 series are reproduced in Clause 3 for context and better understanding.

IEC/TS 80004-9 Ed. 1.0 en:2017

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 9: Nano-enabled electrotechnical products and systems

IEC TS 80004-9: 2017(E) specifies terms and definitions for electrotechnical products and systems reliant on nanomaterials for their essential functionalities. It is intended to facilitate communications between organizations and individuals in industry and those who interact with them.

ISO/TS 80004-11:2017

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 11: Nanolayer, nanocoating, nanofilm, and related terms

ISO/TS 80004-11:2017 lists terms and definitions, and specifies an extensible taxonomic terminology framework for nanolayers, nanocoatings, nanofilms, and related terms in the field of nanotechnologies.

ISO/TS 80004-12:2016

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 12: Quantum phenomena in nanotechnology

ISO/TS 80004-12:2016 lists terms and definitions relevant to quantum phenomena in nanotechnologies. All of these terms are important for nanotechnologies, but it is to be noted that many of them are not exclusively relevant to the nanoscale and can also be used to some extent to refer to larger scales. The list of terms presented does not claim to provide exhaustive coverage of the whole spectrum of quantum concepts and phenomena in nanotechnology. It covers important phenomena as acknowledged by many stakeholders from academia, industry, etc. ISO/TS 80004-12:2016 is intended to facilitate communication between organizations and individuals in industry and those who interact with them.

ISO/TS 80004-13:2017

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 13: Graphene and related two-dimensional (2D) materials

ISO/TS 80004-13:2017 lists terms and definitions for graphene and related two-dimensional (2D) materials, and includes related terms naming production methods, properties and their characterization. It is intended to facilitate communication between organizations and individuals in research, industry and other interested parties and those who interact with them.

ISO/TR 18401:2017

Nanotechnologies - Plain language explanation of selected terms from the ISO/IEC 80004 series

ISO/TR 18401:2017 is intended to assist stakeholders who are making decisions about the direction, management and application of nanotechnologies to better understand selected key terms and definitions in the ISO/IEC 80004 vocabulary series for nanotechnologies.