Pulp Paper
Pulp paper particle testing standards are published by ASTM, IEC, and ISO. IEC 60819 covers non-cellulosic papers for electric applications, while the ISO documents cover determination of fiber length, effective residual ink concentration (ERIC), and fiber coarseness. The ASTM documents sover standard practices for paper machine roll examination and the test method for evaluating properties of wood-base fiber and particle board materials. These documents are invaluable to those who work with paper particles in both electrical applications and manufacturing applications.
ISO 16065-1:2014
Pulps - Determination of fibre length by automated optical analysis - Part 1: Polarized light method
ISO 16065-1:2014 specifies a method for determining fibre length using polarized light. ISO 16065-1:2014 is applicable to all kinds of pulp. However, fibrous particles shorter than 0,2 mm are not regarded as fibres for the purposes of ISO 16065-1:2014 and, therefore, are not to be included in the results.
ISO 16065-2:2014
Pulps - Determination of fibre length by automated optical analysis - Part 2: Unpolarized light method
ISO 16065-2:2014 specifies a method for determining fibre length by automated optical analysis using unpolarized light. The method is applicable to all kinds of pulp. However, fibrous particles shorter than 0,2 mm are not regarded as fibres for the purposes of ISO 16065-2:2014 and, therefore, are not included in the results.
IEC 60819-3-4 Ed. 2.0 b:2013
Non cellulosic papers for electrical purposes Part 3 Specifications for individual materials Sheet 4 Aramid fibre paper containing not more than 50 of mica particles
IEC 60819-3-4:2013 specifies requirements for two types of aramid fibre paper containing mica particles and designated as PAaM: - type 1: calendered aramid paper containing mica particles; - type 2: uncalendered aramid paper containing mica particles. Materials which conform to this specification meet established levels of performance. However, the selection of material by a user for a specific application should be based on the actual requirements necessary for adequate performance in that application and not based on this specification alone. SAFETY WARNING: It is the responsibility of the user of the methods contained or referred to in this document to ensure that they are used in a safe manner. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2001. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: the document was updated including new thicknesses and relevant values as from Table 1. Keywords: aramid fibre paper containing mica particles, PAaM, calendered, uncalendered
ISO 22754:2008
Pulp and paper - Determination of the effective residual ink concentration (ERIC number) by infrared reflectance measurement
ISO 22754:2008 specifies a method for the determination of the effective residual ink concentration (ERIC number) by infrared reflectance measurement. ISO 22754:2008 is applicable to all types of deinked, recycled pulp and to sheets of machine-made paper made from recycled pulp, where the residual ink is black. The method is applicable to materials available in sheet form only if the opacity at 950 nm is less than 97 %. The ERIC number obtained is dependent on the distribution of ink particle sizes, and the method is most effective for submicron particles. The value obtained is reliable only if the test material is uniform in ink distribution, formation, and grammage such that presenting different parts of the sheet to the measuring aperture of the reflectometer produces very similar readings.
ISO 23713:2005
Pulps - Determination of fibre coarseness by automated optical analysis - Polarized light method
ISO 23713:2005 specifies a method for determining fibre coarseness using polarized light. The method is applicable to all kinds of pulp that polarize light. However fibrous particles shorter than 0,2 mm are not regarded as fibres for the purposes of ISO 23713:2005 and therefore are not to be included in the results.
ASTM E2907/E2907M-13(2019)
Standard Practice for Examination of Paper Machine Rolls Using Acoustic Emission from Crack Face Rubbing
1.1 This practice provides guidelines for acoustic emission (AE) examinations of non-pressure, paper machine rolls. 1.2 This practice utilizes a slow rotation of the roll to produce a full load cycle where load is provided by the weight of the roll suspended from its bearings or other journal support mechanism(s). 1.3 This practice is used for detection of cracks and other discontinuities in rolls that produce frictional acoustic emission during rotation. 1.4 The AE measurements are used to detect or locate emission sources, or both. Other nondestructive test (NDT) methods must be used to evaluate the significance of AE sources. Procedures for other NDT techniques are beyond the scope of this practice. See Note 1 . Note 1: Traditional AE examination, magnetic particle examination, shear wave ultrasonic examination, and radiography are commonly used to establish the exact position and dimensions of flaws that produce AE. 1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8 . 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D1037-12(2020)
Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
1.1 Part A General Test Methods for Evaluating the Basic Properties of Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials These test methods cover the determination of the properties of wood-base fiber and particle panel materials that are produced as mat-formed panels such as particleboard, medium-density fiberboard, hardboard, and oriented strand board. 1.2 Part B Acceptance and Specification Test Methods for Hardboard The methods for Part B provide test procedures for measuring the following properties of hardboard: 1.3 There are accepted basic test procedures for various fundamental properties of materials that may be used without modification for evaluating certain properties of wood-based fiber and particle panel materials. These test methods are included elsewhere in the Annual Book of ASTM Standards . The pertinent ones are listed in Table 1 . A few of the test methods referenced are for construction where the wood-base materials often are used. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI equivalents are approximate in many cases. 1 in. = 25.4 mm, 1 lbf = 4.45 N. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
