Filter Particle Testing Standards
Filters play a key role in particle testing standards, used as both a tool for testing particles for other purposes, and as a end in themselves, inhibiting the movement of particles. Because of this, there exist many different types of filters, each effective in capturing different particles based on size or their interactions with the particle. Appropriately, this leads to many standards covering such a variety, addressing construction and design, methods of use, applicability, and limitations.
ISO 16890-1:2016
Air filters for general ventilation - Part 1: Technical specifications, requirements and classification system based upon particulate matter efficiency (ePM)
ISO 16890-1:2016 establishes an efficiency classification system of air filters for general ventilation based upon particulate matter (PM). It also provides an overview of the test procedures, and specifies general requirements for assessing and marking the filters, as well as for documenting the test results. It is intended for use in conjunction with ISO 16890 2, ISO 16890 3 and ISO 16890 4. The test method described in this part of ISO 16890 is applicable for air flow rates between 0,25 m3/s (900 m3/h, 530 ft3/min) and 1,5 m3/s (5 400 m3/h, 3 178 ft3/min), referring to a test rig with a nominal face area of 610 mm × 610 mm (24 inch × 24 inch). ISO 16890 (all parts) refers to particulate air filter elements for general ventilation having an ePM1 efficiency less than or equal to 99 % when tested according to the procedures defined within ISO 16890 1, ISO 16890 2, ISO 16890 3 and ISO 16890 4. Air filter elements with a higher initial efficiency are evaluated by other applicable test methods (see ISO 29463-1, ISO 29463-2, ISO 29463-3, ISO 29463-4 and ISO 29463-5). Filter elements used in portable room-air cleaners are excluded from the scope of this part of ISO 16890. The performance results obtained in accordance with ISO 16890 (all parts) cannot by themselves be quantitatively applied to predict performance in service with regard to efficiency and lifetime. Other factors influencing performance to be taken into account are described in Annex A.
ISO 16890-2:2016
Air filters for general ventilation - Part 2: Measurement of fractional efficiency and air flow resistance
ISO 16890-2:2016 specifies the aerosol production, the test equipment and the test methods used for measuring fractional efficiency and air flow resistance of air filters for general ventilation. It is intended for use in conjunction with ISO 16890 1, ISO 16890 3 and ISO 16890 4. The test method described in this part of ISO 16890 is applicable for air flow rates between 0,25 m3/s (900 m3/h, 530 ft3/min) and 1,5 m3/s (5 400 m3/h, 3 178 ft3/min), referring to a test rig with a nominal face area of 610 mm × 610 mm (24,0 inch × 24,0 inch). ISO 16890 (all parts) refers to particulate air filter elements for general ventilation having an ePM1 efficiency less than or equal to 99 % and an ePM10 efficiency greater than 20 % when tested as per the procedures defined within ISO 16890 (all parts). NOTE The lower limit for this test procedure is set at a minimum ePM10 efficiency of 20 % since it will be very difficult for a test filter element below this level to meet the statistical validity requirements of this procedure. Air filter elements outside of this aerosol fraction are evaluated by other applicable test methods, (see ISO 29463 (all parts)). Filter elements used in portable room-air cleaners are excluded from the scope. The performance results obtained in accordance with ISO 16890 (all parts) cannot by themselves be quantitatively applied to predict performance in service with regard to efficiency and lifetime.
ISO 16890-3:2016
Air filters for general ventilation - Part 3: Determination of the gravimetric efficiency and the air flow resistance versus the mass of test dust captured
ISO 16890-3:2016 specifies the test equipment and the test methods used for measuring the gravimetric efficiency and resistance to air flow of air filter for general ventilation. It is intended for use in conjunction with ISO 16890 1, ISO 16890 2 and ISO 16890 4. The test method described in this part of ISO 16890 is applicable for air flow rates between 0,25 m3/s (900 m3/h, 530 ft3/min) and 1,5 m3/s (5 400 m3/h, 3 178 ft3/min), referring to a test rig with a nominal face area of 610 mm × 610 mm (24 in × 24 in). ISO 16890 (all parts) refers to particulate air filter elements for general ventilation having an ePM1 efficiency less than or equal to 99 % and an ePM10 efficiency greater than 20 % when tested as per the procedures defined within ISO 16890 (all parts). Air filter elements outside of this aerosol fraction are evaluated by other applicable test methods. See ISO 29463 (all parts). Filter elements used in portable room-air cleaners are excluded from the scope of this part of ISO 16890. The performance results obtained in accordance with ISO 16890 (all parts) cannot by themselves be quantitatively applied to predict performance in service with regard to efficiency and lifetime.
ISO 16890-4:2016
Air filters for general ventilation - Part 4: Conditioning method to determine the minimum fractional test efficiency
ISO 16890-4:2016 establishes a conditioning method to determine the minimum fractional test efficiency. It is intended for use in conjunction with ISO 16890 1, ISO 16890 2 and ISO 16890 3, and provides the related test requirements for the test device and conditioning cabinet as well as the conditioning procedure to follow. The conditioning method described in this part of ISO 16890 is referring to a test device with a nominal face area of 610 mm × 610 mm (24 inch × 24 inch). ISO 16890 (all parts) refers to particulate air filter elements for general ventilation having an ePM1 efficiency less than or equal to 99 % and an ePM10 efficiency greater than 20 % when tested according to the procedures defined within ISO 16890 (all parts). NOTE The lower limit for this test procedure is set at a minimum ePM10 efficiency of 20 % since it will be very difficult for a test filter element below this level to meet the statistical validity requirements of this procedure. Air filter elements outside of this aerosol fraction are evaluated by other applicable test methods. See ISO 29463 (all parts). Filter elements used in portable room-air cleaners are excluded from the scope of this part of ISO 16890. The performance results obtained in accordance with ISO 16890 (all parts) cannot by themselves be quantitatively applied to predict performance in service with regard to efficiency and lifetime. The results from this part of ISO 16890 may also be used by other standards that define or classify the fractional efficiency in the size range of 0,3 m to 10 m when electrostatic removal mechanism is an important factor to consider, for example ISO 29461.
ISO 11057:2011
Air quality - Test method for filtration characterization of cleanable filter media
ISO 11057:2011 specifies a standard reference test method for the comparative characterization of pulse-jet cleanable filter media, to be used in filter elements (e.g. bag filters, pocket filters, cartridge filters) applied in dry gas cleaning under standardized test conditions. The main purpose of testing is to gain information about both the operational performance and the particle emission of cleanable filter media. It should be noted that while one test apparatus and operating method has been chosen and described herein, it is recognized that other apparatus and operating arrangements can be found acceptable. In order for a candidate apparatus to become an equivalent apparatus, a comparison has to be performed with the standard reference apparatus according to a specified procedure. The test procedure, the characteristics of the required test facility, and the test conditions, as well as the evaluation and presentation of the results, are specified. The results obtained from this test method are not intended for prediction of the absolute performance of full-scale filter facilities. However, they are helpful for the selection and development of appropriate cleanable filter media and the identification of suitable operating parameters. Additional tasks such as verifying filter media concerning PM 2,5 emissions, the classification of different media according to their filtration performance or the cleanability and durability of filter elements (i.e. projection of bag lifetime) can be addressed using the test method specified.
ISO 12103-1:2016
Road vehicles - Test contaminants for filter evaluation - Part 1: Arizona test dust
ISO 12103-1:2016 defines particle size distribution and chemical content limits involving four grades of test dust made from Arizona desert sand.
ISO 12103-2:1997
Road vehicles - Test dust for filter evaluation - Part 2: Aluminium oxide test dust
This part of ISO 12103 specifies the particle size distribution of five inorganic test dusts used for the evaluation of filters. These dust are used in conjunction with various test procedures designed to evaluate, in general, fuel and lubricating oil filters for internal combustion engines by gravimetric methods. The dusts may also be used for a number of other applications, such as for abrasion tests, where distinct, known particle size distributions of hard, abrasive material are required.
ISO 12500-3:2009
Filters for compressed air - Test methods - Part 3: Particulates
ISO 12500-3:2009 provides a guide for choosing an appropriate method of determining the solid particulate removal efficiency rating by particle size of filters used in compressed air systems. ISO 12500-3:2009 specifies the layouts and procedures for testing these filters. Measurement methods are recommended based on the size range of the particulates that the filter being tested has been designed to remove. The test is performed as a type-test on filters as being representative of a range. The following two particle diameter size ranges are identified in ISO 12500-3:2009: a fine filter range, 0,01 5,0 m, and a coarse filter range, 5,0 40 m.
ISO 16900-3:2012
Respiratory protective devices - Methods of test and test equipment - Part 3: Determination of particle filter penetration
ISO 16900-3:2012 specifies the test methods for particle filter penetration of separate or integral filters for respiratory protective devices.
ISO 29461-1:2021
Air intake filter systems for rotary machinery - Test methods - Part 1: Static filter elements
This document specifies methods and procedures for determining the static performance of particulate air filters used in air intake filter systems for rotary machinery such as stationary gas turbines, compressors and other stationary internal combustion engines. It applies to air filters with an efficiency of 85 % or more for the MPPS (EPA and HEPA filters) which are tested according to ISO 29463 (all parts) and filters with a lower efficiency which are tested according to ISO 16890 (all parts). The procedures described in both ISO 16890 (all parts) and ISO 29463 (all parts) are applied and extended by this document to air filters which operate at flow rates within the range 0,24 m 3 /s (850 m 3 /h) up to 2,36 m 3 /s (8 500 m 3 /h). Static filter systems normally use multiple stages of coarse, fine and optional EPA or HEPA filter elements to protect the machinery. The scope of this document includes methods for performance testing of individual filter elements. It does not include methods for the direct measurement of the performance of entire systems as installed in service except in cases where they can meet the qualification criteria for the test assembly. Nevertheless, cumulative filter efficiencies of multistage systems of fine filters can be calculated by using the methods described in ISO 16890-1. This document refers to static (barrier) filter systems but can also be applied to other filter types and systems in appropriate circumstances, for example to evaluate the initial efficiency of cleanable and surface loading filters. The performance results obtained in accordance with this document cannot be quantitatively applied (by themselves) to predict performance in service with regard to efficiency and lifetime.
ISO 29463-2:2011
High-efficiency filters and filter media for removing particles in air - Part 2: Aerosol production, measuring equipment and particle-counting statistics
ISO 29463-2:2011 specifies the aerosol production and measuring equipment used for testing high-efficiency filters and filter media in accordance with ISO 29463-3, ISO 29463-4 and ISO 29463-5, as well as the statistical basis for particle counting with a small number of counted events. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 29463-1, ISO 29463-3, ISO 29463-4 and ISO 29463-5.
ISO 29463-5:2011
High-efficiency filters and filter media for removing particles in air - Part 5: Test method for filter elements
ISO 29463-5:2011 specifies the reference test procedure for determining the efficiency of filters at their most penetrating particle size (MPPS). ISO 29463-5:2011 also gives guidelines for the testing and classification for filters with an MPPS of less than 0,1 m and filters using media with (charged) synthetic fibres. ISO 29463-5:2011 is intended for use in conjunction with ISO 29463-1, ISO 29463-2, ISO 29463-3 and ISO 29463-4.
ISO/TR 16386:2014
Impact of changes in ISO fluid power particle counting - Contamination control and filter test standards
ISO/TR 16386:2014 discusses the impact of changes in International Standards for particle counting, contamination control, and filter testing. Liquid automatic particle counters (APCs) are used in monitoring contamination levels in hydraulic fluids, to establish component and assembly cleanliness level specifications, and in determining filter efficiencies and particle size ratings. As a result of the replacement of ISO 4402 with ISO 11171 (APC calibration), the replacement of ISO 4572 with ISO 16889 (multi-pass filter test), and the publication of ISO 11943 (online particle counter calibration), the quality and reliability of particle count and filter test data have improved, increasing their usefulness to industry. However, the resultant redefinition of particle sizes and the use of a new test dust affect how contamination levels and filter performance are reported and interpreted. NOTE The first editions of ISO 11171, ISO 16889 and ISO 11943 were published in 1999; all three of these International Standards either have been, or are in the process of being, revised.
ASTM D7919-14(2021)
Standard Guide for Filter Debris Analysis (FDA) Using Manual or Automated Processes
1.1 This guide pertains to removal and analysis techniques to extract debris captured by in-service lubricant and hydraulic filters and to analyze the debris removed. 1.2 This guide suggests techniques to remove, collect and analyze debris from filters in support of machinery health condition monitoring. 1.3 Debris removal techniques range from manual to automated. 1.4 Analysis techniques vary from visual, particle counting, microscopic, x-ray fluorescence (XRF), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), and scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive x-rays (SEMEDX). 1.5 This guide is suitable for use with the following filter types: screw on, metal mesh, and removable diagnostic layer filters. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D6209-13
Standard Test Method for Determination of Gaseous and Particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Ambient Air (Collection on Sorbent-Backed Filters with Gas Chromatographic/Mass Spectrometric Analysis)
1.1 This test method 2 specifies sampling, cleanup, and analysis procedures for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in ambient air. 1.2 This test method is designed to collect both gas-phase and particulate-phase PAH and to determine them collectively. 1.3 This test method is a high-volume sampling (100 to 250 L/min) method capable of detecting PAH at sub-nanograms per cubic metre (ng/m 3 ) concentrations with sampling volumes up to 350 m 3 of air. 1.4 This test method has been validated for sampling periods up to 24 h. 1.5 Precision and bias under normal conditions can be expected to be 35 to 50 %. 1.6 This test method describes a sampling and analysis procedure for PAH that involves collection from air on a combination fine-particle filter and sorbent trap and subsequent analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 1.7 The range of this test method is approximately 0.05 to 1000 ng/m 3 of air sampled. 1.8 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as standard. 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See also Section 8 for additional safety precautions.
ASTM D7686-19
Standard Test Method for Field-Based Condition Monitoring of Soot in In-Service Lubricants Using a Fixed-Filter Infrared (IR) Instrument
1.1 This test method pertains to field-based monitoring of soot in diesel crankcase engine oils as well as in other types of engine oils where soot may contaminate the lubricant as a result of a blow-by due to incomplete combustion of fuels. It is applicable to oils having soot levels of up to 12 % by mass. 1.2 This test method uses filter-based infrared technology for monitoring of soot build-up in in-service petroleum and hydrocarbon-based lubricants as a result of normal machinery operation. Soot levels in engine oils rise as soot particles contaminate the oil as a result of exhaust gas recirculation from blow-by. This test method is designed as a fast, simple, and field-capable spectroscopic check for soot in in-service hydrocarbon-based lubricants with the objective of helping diagnose the operational condition of the machine based on measuring the level of soot in the oil. 1.3 This test method is intended as a field test only, and should be treated as such. Critical applications should use laboratory based methods, such as Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) described in Test Method D5967 , Annex A4. 1.4 Acquisition of spectral data for measuring soot in in-service oil and lubricant samples with the use of a fixed-filter IR instrument is described in this test method. Calibration against prepared soot standards is also described. Note 1: It is not the intent of this test method to establish or recommend normal, cautionary, warning, or alert limits for any machinery. Such limits should be established in conjunction with advice and guidance from the machinery manufacturer and maintenance group. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM E2814-18
Standard Specification for Industrial Woven Wire Filter Cloth
1.1 This specification covers the special grade of industrial woven wire cloth, referred to as filter cloth, for general filtration including the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases), based on a desired particle size retention. Filter cloth can be made of any primary metal or metal alloy wire that is suitable for weaving. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D7670-10(2021)
Standard Practice for Processing In-service Fluid Samples for Particulate Contamination Analysis Using Membrane Filters
1.1 This practice covers the processing of in-service fluids in preparation for particulate contamination analysis using membrane filters and is limited only by the liquid-to-membrane filter compatibility. 1.2 The practice covers the procedure for filtering a measured volume of liquid through a membrane filter. When this practice is used, the particulate matter will be randomly distributed on the filter surface for subsequent contamination analysis methods. 1.3 The practice describes procedures to allow handling particles in the size range between 2 µm and 1000 μm with minimum losses during handling. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM F1471-09
Standard Test Method for Air Cleaning Performance of a High-Efficiency Particulate Air- Filter System
1.1 This test method covers the procedure and equipment for measuring the penetration of test particles through high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter systems using a laser aerosol spectrometer (LAS). This test method provides the capability of evaluating the overall effectiveness of HEPA filter systems consisting of one or two filter stages. 1.2 The aerosols used for testing have a heterodisperse size distribution in the submicrometer diameter range from 0.1 to 1.0 m. 1.3 The purpose for conducting in-place filter testing by this test method is in the ability to determine penetration of multi-stage installations, without individual stage tests. Particle penetration as low as 10 8 can be measured by this test method. Also, the LAS provides a measure of penetration for discrete particle sizes. 1.4 Maximum penetration for an installed HEPA filter system is 5 10 4 for one filter stage, and 2.5 10 7 for two stages in series is recommended. Note 1 Acceptance penetration criteria must be specified in the program, or owners specifications. The penetration criteria suggested in this test method is referenced in Ref (1) . 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 9.6.
ASTM D6265-17
Standard Practice for Separation of Contaminants in Polymers Using an Extruder Filter Test
1.1 This practice covers a means to separate the unmolten particles, gels, and impurities contaminating a polymer sample. The procedure may be used to remove gels and incompatible materials that may cause imperfections in the final extruded product. Under pressure, most gels will break up or deform and pass through a wire mesh filter, however high molecular weight gels may not break up or deform. 1.2 Materials isolated on a wire mesh filter can be identified by spectroscopic or other analytical means. Note 1: Although not presented as a quantitative method, the procedure presented in this practice may be used to provide quantitative results at the discretion of the user. The user assumes the responsibility to verify the reproducibility of quantitative results. Detection limit depends on the mesh size of the filter screen, but the procedure is generally applicable to the separation of immiscible contaminants present at concentrations greater than 0.1 %. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 8 Note 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM F311-08(2020)
Standard Practice for Processing Aerospace Liquid Samples for Particulate Contamination Analysis Using Membrane Filters
1.1 This practice covers the processing of liquids in preparation for particulate contamination analysis using membrane filters and is limited only by the liquid-to-membrane filter compatibility. 1.2 The practice covers the procedure for filtering a measured volume of liquid through a membrane filter. When this practice is used, the particulate matter will be randomly distributed on the filter surface for subsequent contamination analysis methods. 1.3 The practice describes procedures to allow handling particles in the size range between 2 and 1000 m with minimum losses during handling. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM F312-08(2016)
Standard Test Methods for Microscopical Sizing and Counting Particles from Aerospace Fluids on Membrane Filters
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the size distribution and quantity of particulate matter contamination from aerospace fluids isolated on a membrane filter. The microscopical techniques described may also be applied to other properly prepared samples of small particles. Two test methods are described for sizing particles as follows:... 1.2 The test methods are intended for application to particle contamination determination of aerospace fluids, gases, surfaces, and environments. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 These test methods do not provide for sizing particles smaller than 5 m. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ASTM F2519-05(2020)
Standard Test Method for Grease Particle Capture Efficiency of Commercial Kitchen Filters and Extractors
1.1 This test method can be used to determine the grease particle capture efficiency of components and systems used in commercial kitchens to capture grease effluent prior to entering the exhaust duct. The results can be used to select a filter system best suited to a particular application. 1.2 This test method is applicable to filter components and systems. The performance information is obtained for new or clean filters and does not include the performance of used or loaded filters. 1.3 The filter can be evaluated with respect to the following (where applicable): 1.3.1 Pressure drop as a function of airflow through the filter ( 10.3 ), and 1.3.2 Particulate capture efficiency by particle size ( 10.4 ). 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ANSI/AIHA/ASSE Z88.7-2010
Color Coding of Air-Purifying Respirator Canisters, Cartridges, and Filters
This standard will assist you in the identification of air-purifying respirator canisters, cartridges, and filters used to provide respiratory protection against gases, vapors, or particles. Manufacturers, users, and governmental regulatory agencies will find accurate and rapid identification of selected industrial respiratory protective devices.
N/A
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 63.2-2017
Method of Testing Liquid-Line Filter Drier Filtration Capability
This laboratory test method evaluates the capability of liquid-line filters and filter driers only for removing and retaining solid particles of a standard test contaminant. The test method may be applied to all hermetic refrigerant liquid-line filters and filter driers.
ISO 14085-3:2015
Aerospace series - Hydraulic filter elements - Test methods - Part 3: Filtration efficiency and retention capacity
ISO 14085-3:2015 describes two methods to measure in repeatable conditions the filtration efficiency of filter elements used in aviation and aerospace hydraulic fluid systems. It can be applied when evaluating the overall characteristics of a filter element per ISO 14085 1, or separately. Since the filtration efficiency of a filter element can change during its service life as it is clogging, this test method specifies its continuous measurement by using on-line particle counters with continuous injection of test contaminant and recirculation of particles not retained by the test filter element until the differential pressure across the element reaches a given final or terminal value. ISO 14085-3:2015 allows the efficiency to be measured under both steady or cyclic flow conditions. It also is applied to measure the stabilized contamination levels that are produced by the filter element while testing with cyclic flow. ISO 14085-3:2015 is not intended to qualify a filter element under replicate conditions of service; this can only be done by a specific test protocol developed for the purpose, including actual conditions of use, for example the operating fluid or contamination. The tests data resulting from application of this part of ISO 14085 can be used to compare the performance of aerospace hydraulic filter elements.
ISO 16000-13:2008
Indoor air - Part 13: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) - Collection on sorbent-backed filters
ISO 16000-13:2008 specifies sampling and preparation of sampling media for dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in indoor air. The method incorporates a sampling procedure that collects PCBs and PCDFs/PCDDs from air on a fine-particle filter backed up by a sorbent trap. The method cannot be used to separately determine gaseous PCBs and PCDFs/PCDDs and those that are particle-associated because some of the compounds will volatilize from the filter and be collected by the sorbent trap. ISO 16000-13:2008 does not address analytical methods for PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs, which are included in ISO 16000-14.
ISO 16889:2022
Hydraulic fluid power - Filters - Multi-pass method for evaluating filtration performance of a filter element
This document describes the following: — a multi-pass filtration performance test with continuous contaminant injection for hydraulic fluid power filter elements; NOTE 1 For the background interlaboratory study used to verify the test methodology, see Annex D. — a procedure for determining the contaminant capacity, particulate removal and differential pressure characteristics; — a test currently applicable to hydraulic fluid power filter elements that exhibit an average filtration ratio greater than or equal to 75 for particle sizes 25 µm(c), and a final reservoir gravimetric level of less than 200 mg/L; NOTE 2 It is necessary to determine by validation the range of flow rates and the lower particle size limit that can be used in test facilities. — a test using ISO medium test dust (ISO MTD) contaminant and a test fluid in accordance with Annex A. This document is intended to provide a test procedure that yields reproducible test data for appraising the filtration performance of a hydraulic fluid power filter element without influence of electrostatic charge. This document applies to three test conditions: — test condition 1, with a base upstream gravimetric level of 3 mg/L; — test condition 2, with a base upstream gravimetric level of 10 mg/L; — test condition 3, with a base upstream gravimetric level of 15 mg/L.
ISO 19438:2003
Diesel fuel and petrol filters for internal combustion engines - Filtration efficiency using particle counting and contaminant retention capacity
ISO 19438:2003 specifies a multi-pass filtration test, with continuous contaminant injection and using the on-line particle counting method, for evaluating the performance of fuel filters for internal combustion engines submitted to a constant flow rate of test liquid. The test procedure determines the contaminant capacity of a filter, its particulate removal characteristics and differential pressure. ISO 19438:2003 is applicable to filter elements having a rated flow of between 50 l/h and 800 l/h; however, by agreement between filter manufacturer and customer, and with some modification, the procedure is permitted for application to fuel filters with higher flow rates.
ISO 23328-1:2003
Breathing system filters for anaesthetic and respiratory use -- Part 1: Salt test method to assess filtration performance
ISO 23328-1:2003 gives a short-term airborne sodium chloride particle challenge test method for assessing the filtration performance of breathing system filters (BSF) intended for the filtration of respired gases. ISO 23328-1:2003 is applicable to BSF used with a clinical breathing system. It is not applicable to other types of filter, e.g. those designed to protect vacuum sources or gas sample lines, to filter compressed gases, or to protect test equipment for physiological respiratory measurements. Non-filtration aspects of BSF are addressed in ISO 23328-2.
ISO/TS 19713-1:2010
Road vehicles - Inlet air cleaning equipment for internal combustion engines and compressors - Part 1: Fractional efficiency testing with fine particles (0,3 m to 5 m optical diameter)
ISO/TS 19713-1:2010 describes laboratory test methods to measure engine air cleaner and filter performance by fractional efficiency tests for particles from 0,3 µm to 5 µm optical diameter. Performance includes, but is not limited to, airflow restriction or pressure loss, initial and incremental fractional efficiencies during dust loading. The purpose of this test code is to establish and specify consistent test procedures, conditions, equipment and performance reports in order to enable comparison of filter performances of air cleaners and air filter elements used in engine air induction systems. It specifies the critical characteristics of equipment, test procedure and report format required for the consistent assessment of filter elements in a laboratory test stand. ISO/TS 19713-2 describes fractional efficiency tests with particles from 5 µm to 40 µm optical diameter.
ISO/TS 19713-2:2010
Road vehicles - Inlet air cleaning equipment for internal combustion engines and compressors - Part 2: Fractional efficiency testing with coarse particles (5 m to 40 m optical diameter)
ISO/TS 19713-2:2010 describes laboratory test methods to measure engine air cleaner and filter performance by fractional efficiency tests for particles from 5 µm to 40 µm, using ISO 12103-1 test dusts. Performance includes, but is not limited to, airflow restriction or pressure loss, initial and incremental fractional efficiencies during dust loading. ISO/TS 19713-1 describes fractional efficiency tests for particles from 0,3 µm to 5 µm optical diameter.
ISO/TS 11155-1:2001
Road vehicles - Air filters for passenger compartments - Part 1: Test for particulate filtration
This part of ISO/TS 11155 specifies a particulate filtration test, including the critical characteristics of equipment, test procedure and report format, for the consistent assessment of filter elements in a laboratory test rig with particle sizes larger than 0,3 m. It is applicable to filters for removing particulate matter from external or recirculated air used for ventilating motor vehicle passenger compartments or cabins. The test specified in this part of ISO/TS 11155 enables an assessment of filter elements for pressure loss, fractional filtration efficiency and accelerated particulate holding capability against standardized laboratory particulate challenges. Because the test methods exclude the full range of possible particulate challenges and environmental effects, the relative ranking of filters may change in service.
ISO 8536-11:2015
Infusion equipment for medical use - Part 11: Infusion filters for single use with pressure infusion equipment
ISO 8536-11:2015 applies to sterilized infusion filters for single use used up to 200 kPa (2 bar) on fluid lines of pressure infusion equipment and infusion set as specified in ISO 8536 8. It does not include the effectiveness of filters for separation of particles or germs.
ISO 12884:2000
Ambient air -- Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons -- Collection on sorbent-backed filters with gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analyses
This International Standard specifies sampling, cleanup and analysis procedures for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in ambient air. It is designed to collect both gas-phase and particulate-phase PAH and to determine them collectively. It is a high-volume (100 l/min to 250 l/min) method capable of detecting 0,05 ng/m 3 or lower concentrations of PAH with sampling volumes up to 350 m 3 . The method has been validated for sampling periods up to 24 h. Precision under normal conditions can be expected to be 25 % or better and uncertainty 50 % or better (see annex A, Table A.1). This International Standard describes a procedure for sampling and analysis for PAH that involves collection from air on a combination fine-particle filter and sorbent trap, and subsequent analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
ISO 4548-12:2017
Methods of test for full-flow lubricating oil filters for internal combustion engines - Part 12: Filtration efficiency using particle counting and contaminant retention capacity
ISO 4548-12:2017 specifies a multi-pass filtration test with continuous contaminant injection and using the online particle counting method for evaluating the performance of full-flow lubricating oil filters for internal combustion engines. The scope of this document is limited to steady state conditions and does not address fluctuations in the flow rate. The test procedure determines the contaminant capacity of a filter, its particulate removal characteristics and differential pressure. This test is intended for application to filter elements with an efficiency of less than 99 % at particle size greater than 10 m. NOTE Several test flow loops built into one test rig, or several test rigs, would be necessary to cover the complete flow range of 2 l/min to 600 l/min.
ISO 4548-4:1997
Methods of test for full-flow lubricating oil filters for internal combustion engines -- Part 4: Initial particle retention efficiency, life and cumulative efficiency (gravimetric method)
This part of ISO 4548 specifies tests for determining the performance of full-flow lubricating oil filters for internal combustion engines as follows. Section 2: Initial particle retention efficiency. This gives the test procedures and parameters for the determination of the initial particle retention efficiency of lubricating oil filter elements under defined test conditions. By reporting the results in accordance with subclause 2.6, the probable retention efficiency for any particle size may be derived. The retention efficiency is determined by the gravimetric method. Section 3: Life and cumulative efficiency. This gives the test procedures and parameters for the determination of element life and cumulative efficiency of lubricating oil filters. The cumulative efficiency is determined by the gravimetric method.
SAE AIR 5455A-2012 (SAE AIR5455A-2012)
Impact of Changes in Test Dust Contaminants and Particle Counter Califbration on Laboratory Filter Element Performance and Fluid Cleanliness Classes ( Stabilized: Jan 2012 )
This document has been declared "Stabilized" and will no longer be subjected to periodic reviews for currency. Users are responsible for verifying references and continued suitability or technical requirements. New technology may exist. This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) discusses the impact of the ISO Test Dusts, chosen as replacement contaminants for the Arizona Test Dusts (AC Test Dusts), and the ISO calibration procedure ISO 11171 for automatic particle counters, which replaces the calibration procedure ISO 4402 (1991), on laboratory performance of filter elements utilized in aerospace lubrication, hydraulic and fuel systems, and fluid cleanliness levels determined with automatic particle counters.
SAE J 2321-2-2013 (SAE J2321-2-2013)
Disposable Hydraulic Filter Element~190 L/Min Flow, 21 MPa Collapse Pressure, Filtration Ratio = 75 at 7 \gmm
This specification sheet establishes requirements for a high collapse pressure configuration filter element of a specific configuration with a minimum filtration ratio of 75 for particles larger than 7 \gmm when designed and tested in accordance with SAE J2321 and this specification sheet.
SAE J 2321-3-2013 (SAE J2321-3-2013)
Disposable Hydraulic Filter Elements~21 MPa Collapse Pressure, Filtration Ratio = 75 at 10 \gmm, 75 to 175 L/Min
This specification sheet establishes requirements for high collapse pressure configuration filter elements of several configurations with a minimum filtration ratio of 75 for particles larger than 10 \gmm when designed and tested in accordance with SAE J 2321 and this specification sheet.
SAE J 1985-2013 (SAE J1985-2013)
Fuel Filter - Initial Single-Pass Efficiency Test Method
This SAE Standard is intended for all sizes of fuel filters, so a variety of test stands may be required depending upon flow rate. The low contamination level, downstream clean-up filter, and short duration of the test, ensures that the particle retention ability of the filter is measured in a single pass as no appreciable loading or regression will occur.
SAE J 2554-2021
Engine Intake Air Water Separation Test Procedure
This water separation technical report has been established to cover heavy-duty engine intake filter systems. It may also be applicable to some automotive and industrial air inlet systems where water separation is an issue.
SAE J 1669-2002 (SAE J1669-2002)
Passenger Compartment Air Filter Test Code (Cancelled: Oct 2002)
This SAE Recommended Practice describes laboratory test methods to measure filter performance. Performance includes, but is not limited to, air flow restriction or pressure drop, overall and fractional efficiency, holding capacity for airborne particles, and air filter structural integrity. The purpose of this test code is to establish and specify consistent test procedures, conditions, equipment, and performance reports to enable comparison of filter performance of particulate air filters used in automotive interior ventilation systems.
BS EN 12941:1998+A2:2008
Respiratory protective devices. Powered filtering devices incorporating a helmet or a hood. Requirements, testing, marking (British Standard)
This European Standard specifies minimum requirements for powered filtering devices incorporating a helmet or a hood with gas, particle or combined filter(s) for respiratory protection. It does not cover devices designed for use in circumstances where there is or might be an oxygen deficiency (oxygen less than 17 % by volume). Also, it does not cover respiratory protective devices designed for escape purposes. Laboratory and practical performance tests are included for the assessment of compliance with the requirements.
BS EN 12942:1998+A2:2008
Respiratory protective devices. Power assisted filtering devices incorporating full face masks, half masks or quarter masks. Requirements, testing, marking (British Standard)
This European Standard specifies minimum requirements for power assisted respiratory protective devices which incorporate a full face mask, half mask or a quarter mask together with gas, particle or combined filter(s) used as respiratory protective devices. It does not cover devices designed for use in circumstances where there is or might be an oxygen deficiency (concentration in oxygen less than 17 % by volume). Also, it does not cover respiratory protective devices designed for escape purposes. Laboratory tests and practical performance tests are included for the assessment of compliance with the requirements.
BS 7403-12:2000
Full-flow lubricating oil filters for internal combustion engines. Filtration efficiency using particle counting, and contaminant retention capacity (British Standard)
This part of ISO 4548 specifies a multi-pass filtration test with continuous contaminant injection and using the online particle counting method for evaluating the performance of full-flow lubricating oil filters for internal combustion engines. The test procedure determines the contaminant capacity of a filter, its particulate removal characteristics and differential pressure. This test is intended for application to filter elements having a rated flow between 4 l/min and 600 l/min and with an efficiency of less than 99 % at a particle size greater than 10 m.
BS 7403-11:1998
Full-flow lubricating oil filters for internal combustion engines. Methods of test for self-cleaning filters (British Standard)
This part of ISO 4548 specifies test methods for evaluating the characteristics of self-cleaning oil filters for internal combustion engines. It is applicable to filters in which self-cleaning is continuous or intermittent. The removal of retained particles from the filter is achieved by periodic reversal of the direction of the fluid flow through the elements. However, this also applies mechanical stresses to the filter media. The tests specified in this standard are designed to check the filtration performance of the elements under simulated operating conditions and to confirm their ability to withstand, without damage, variations in oil pressure, temperature, direction-of flow and the presence of water. The equipment and procedures specified in this part of ISO 4548 are recommended forfffters having a nominal flow rate of up to 1600 l/min.
BS 7403-4:1998
Full-flow lubricating oil filters for internal combustion engines. Methods of test for initial particle retention efficiency, life and cumulative efficiency (gravimetric method) (British Standard)
This part of ISO 4548 specifies tests for determining the performance of full-flow lubricating oil filters for internal combustion engines as follows. Section 2: Initial particle retention efficiency. This gives the test procedures and parameters for the determination of the initial particle retention efficiency of lubricating oil filter elements under defined test conditions. By reporting the results in accordance with subclause 2.6, the probable retention efficiency for any particle size may be derived. The retention efficiency is determined by the gravimetric method. Section 3: Life and cumulative efficiency. This gives the test procedures and parameters for the determination of element life and cumulative efficiency of lubricating oil filters. The cumulative efficiency is determined by the gravimetric method.
