Transducer Standards
US and international standards for electronic components, capacitors, transducers, surge protectors, LEDs, and resistors find wide application in consumer products, vehicles, medical devices, sensors and controls for industrial use and more. A representative selection of nearly one hundred standards published in recent years covering electronic components are provided here. For even more electronic component standards search by keyword in the field above or browse the offerings of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), two standard developing organizations focused on electronics and their design, manufacture, testing, use, and end-of-life procedures. These packages include many standards related to construction and specification of electric transducers.
IEC 60252-1 Ed. 2.0 b:2010
"AC motor capacitors - Part 1: General - Performance, testing and rating - Safety requirements - Guidance for installation and operation"
"IEC 60252-1:2010 applies to motor capacitors intended for connection to windings of asynchronous motors supplied from a single-phase system having a frequency up to and including 100 Hz, and to capacitors to be connected to three-phase asynchronous motors so that these motors may be supplied from a single-phase system. This standard covers impregnated or unimpregnated capacitors having a dielectric of paper, plastic film, or a combination of both, either metallized or with metal-foil electrodes, with rated voltages up to and including 660 V. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - the definition of ""segmented capacitors"" has been added in 3.6; - the definition of ""classes of operation"" has been clarified, with the addition of the concept of ""probable life"" with reference to statistics, in 3.9; - the following wording ""Operation above the rated voltage will reduce the life expectancy of the capacitor"" has been introduced in 6.1. - some clarifications have been added to Clause 8, Marking, mainly for small capacitors."
IEC 60252-2 Ed. 2.0 b:2010
AC motor capacitors - Part 2: Motor start capacitors
"IEC 60252-2:2010 applies to motor start capacitors intended for connection to windings of asynchronous motors supplied from a single-phase system having the frequency of the mains. Covers impregnated or unimpregnated metallized motor start capacitors having a dielectric of paper or plastic film, or a combination of both and electrolytic motor start capacitors with non-solid electrolyte, with rated voltages up to and including 660 V. The main changes with respect to the previous edition are: - definition of segmented film capacitors; - clearer definition of the purpose of d.c. conditioning in destruction test."
1451.1-1999
Standard for a Smart Transducer Interface for Sensors and Actuators - Network Capable Application Processor (NCAP) Information Model
Establishes a standard interface for connecting network capable processors to control networks through the development of a common control network information or object model for smart sensors and actuators. The object model includes transducer block, function block, physical block, and network block and their underlying structures. This project will not define individual device algorithms or the specifics of what will be implemented using the model.
ANSI/ASA S1.20-2012 (R2020)
Procedures for Calibration of Underwater Electroacoustic Transducers
Establishes measurement procedures for calibrating electroacoustic tranducers and describes forms for presenting and assessing the resultant data.
ANSI/ASA S2.31-1979 (R2014)
Methods for the Experimental Determination of Mechanical Mobility - Part I: Basic Definitions and Transducers
This standard is the first part of a series of five standards covering the experimental determination of mechanical mobility of structures by a variety of methods appropriate for different test situations. The present Part I of this series covers basic concepts and definitions and serves as a guide for the selection, calibration, and evaluation of the transducers and instruments used in mobility measurements. The material in Part I is common to most mobility measurement tasks. This document supersedes ANSI Standard S2.6-1963(R1976). The future parts of this series will cover specific mobility measurement situations such as the use of steady-state rectilinear excitation, steady-state torsionat excitation, measurements of the entire mobility matrix using steady-state excitation, and mobility measurements using impact excitation, as well as other forcing functions which use Fourier transform techniques for data reduction. The present document (Part I of this series) has four appendices containing selected references to the literature, a discussion of the relationships between mechanical mobility and impedance, a discussion of mobility as a frequency response function, and conversion factors from SI to conventional English units as applicable to mobility and related ratios.
ANSI/ASA S2.46-1989 (R2020)
Characteristics to be Specified for Seismic Transducers
This standard specifies rules for the presentation of important characteristics for electro-mechanical shock and vibration transducers (seismic pick-ups), the electrical outputs of which are known functions of the uniaxial, multiaxial, or angular accelerations, velocities, or displacements of objects the motions of which are being measured.
ASTM D5720-95(2009)
Standard Practice for Static Calibration of Electronic Transducer-Based Pressure Measurement Systems for Geotechnical Purposes
1.1 This practice covers the procedure for static calibration of electronic transducer-based systems used to measure fluid pressures in laboratory or in field applications associated with geotechnical testing. 1.2 This practice is used to determine the accuracy of electronic transducer-based pressure measurement systems over the full pressure range of the system or over a specified operating pressure range within the full pressure range. 1.3 This practice may also be used to determine a relationship between pressure transducer system output and applied pressure for use in converting from one value to the other (calibration curve). This relationship for electronic pressure transducer systems is usually linear and may be reduced to the form of a calibration factor or a linear calibration equation. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.
ASTM F2070-00(2017)
Standard Specification for Transducers, Pressure and Differential, Pressure, Electrical and Fiber-Optic
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for pressure and differential pressure transducers for general applications. 1.2 Special requirements for naval shipboard applications are included in Supplementary Requirements S1, S2, and S3. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Where information is to be specified, it shall be stated in SI units. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
IEC 62458 Ed. 1.0 en:2010
Sound system equipment - Electroacoustical transducers - Measurement of large signal parameters
"IEC 62458:2010(E) applies to transducers such as loudspeaker drive units, loudspeaker systems, headphones, micro-speakers, shakers and other actuators using either an electro-dynamical or electro-magnetic motor coupled with a mechanical suspension. The large signal behaviour of the transducer is modelled by a lumped parameter model considering dominant nonlinearities such as force factor, stiffness and inductance. It defines the basic terms and parameters of the model, the methods of measurements and the way the results should be reported. It cancels and replaces IEC/PAS 62458 published in 2006. It constitutes a technical revision. The main changes are: - descriptions of the methods of measurement are adjusted to the state of the technology; - addition of Clauses 4 to 15; - integration of Annex A in the main body of the standard; - overall textual review. "
IEC 60688 Ed. 4.0 b:2021
Electrical measuring transducers for converting AC and DC electrical quantities to analogue or digital signals
IEC 60688:2021 is available as IEC 60688:2021 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition. IEC 60688:2021 applies to transducers with electrical inputs and outputs for making measurements of AC or DC electrical quantities. The output signal can be in the form of an analogue direct current, an analog direct voltage or in digital form. This document applies to measuring transducers used for converting electrical quantities such as – current, – voltage, – active power, – reactive power, – power factor, – phase angle, – frequency, – harmonics or total harmonic distortion, and – apparent power to an output signal. This document is not applicable for – instrument transformers that complies with IEC 61869 (all parts), – transmitters for use in industrial process application that complies with IEC 60770 (all parts), and – performance measuring and monitoring devices (PMD) that comply with IEC 61557 12:2018. Within the measuring range, the output signal is a function of the measurand. An auxiliary supply can be needed. This document applies a) if the nominal frequency of the input(s) lies between 0 Hz and 1 500 Hz, b) to the electrical measuring transducer if it is part of a system for the measurement of a non-electrical quantity, and if it otherwise falls within the scope of this document, and c) to transducers for use in a variety of applications such as telemetry and process control and in one of a number of defined environments. This document is intended: – to specify the terminology and definitions relating to transducers whose main application is in industry, – to unify the test methods used in evaluating transducer performance, and – to specify accuracy limits and output values for transducers. IEC 60688:2021 cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) updating normative references; b) additional requirements for specific transducers used for LV monitoring applications; c) creation of interface coding to ease selection by the end-user.
IEEE C37.92-2005 (R2011)
IEEE Standard for Analog Inputs to Protective Relays From Electronic Voltage and Current Transducers
Electronic devices that develop or utilize analog signals are not presently covered by standards. This Standard provides interface connectivity of modern power-system signal transducers based on electronics, such as magneto-optic current transducers, and electronic relays. The existing standardized levels from familiar magnetic current and voltage transformers are not readily generated by new types of electronic signal transducers.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21450:2010
Information technology - Smart transducer interface for sensors and actuators - Common functions, communication protocols, and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) formats
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21450:2010 provides a common basis for members of the ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451 series of International Standards to be interoperable. It defines the functions that are to be performed by a transducer interface module (TIM) and the common characteristics for all devices that implement the TIM. It specifies the formats for Transducer Electronic Data Sheets (TEDS). It defines a set of commands to facilitate the setup and control of the TIM as well as reading and writing the data used by the system. Application programming interfaces (APIs) are defined to facilitate communications with the TIM and with applications.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451-1:2010
Information technology - Smart transducer interface for sensors and actuators - Part 1: Network Capable Application Processor (NCAP) information model
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451-1:2010 defines an object model with a network-neutral interface for connecting processors to communication networks, sensors, and actuators. The object model contains blocks, services, and components; it specifies interactions with sensors and actuators and forms the basis for implementing application code executing in the processor.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451-2:2010
Information technology - Smart transducer interface for sensors and actuators - Part 2: Transducer to microprocessor communication protocols and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) formats
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451-2:2010 defines a digital interface for connecting transducers to microprocessors. It describes a Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) and its data formats. It defines an electrical interface, read and write logic functions to access the TEDS, and a wide variety of transducers. ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451-2:2010 does not specify signal conditioning, signal conversion, or how the TEDS data is used in applications.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451-4:2010
Information technology - Smart transducer interface for sensors and actuators - Part 4: Mixed-mode communication protocols and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) formats
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451-4:2010 defines the protocol and interface that allows analog transducers to communicate digital information with an ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451 object. It also defines the format of the Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS), which is based on the ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451-2 TEDS. It does not specify the transducer design, signal conditioning, or the specific use of the TEDS.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451-7:2011
Information technology - Smart transducer interface for sensors and actuators - Part 7: Transducer to radio frequency identification (RFID) systems communication protocols and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) formats
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451-7:2011 defines data formats to facilitate communications between radio frequency identification (RFID) systems and smart RFID tags with integral transducers (sensors and actuators). It defines new Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) formats based on the ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451 series of standards. It also defines a command structure and specifies the communication methods with which the command structure is designed to be compatible.
ISO 16063-1:1998
Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers - Part 1: Basic concepts
This part of ISO 16063 describes methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers. It also includes methods for the measurement of characteristics in addition to the sensitivity. One primary calibration method has been selected as the preferred method (see 52.1). Comparison calibration methods for vibration and shock are also described (see 5.3). More detailed descriptions are given in parts 1 to 23 of ISO 5347 (see references [1] to [22]). This part of ISO 16063 is applicable to continuous-reading rectilinear acceleration, velocity and displacement transducers and recommends a preferred method which has proved to give reliable and reproducible results. It is not applicable to methods for the calibration of rotational transducers.
ISO 16063-11:1999
Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers -- Part 11: Primary vibration calibration by laser interferometry
This part of ISO 16063 specifies the instrumentation and procedure to be used for primary vibration calibration of rectilinear accelerometers (with or without amplifier) to obtain magnitude and phase lag of the complex sensitivity by steady-state sinusoidal vibration and laser interferometry. It is applicable to a frequency range from 1 Hz to 10 kHz and a dynamic range (amplitude) from 0,1 m/s 2 to 1 000 m/s 2 (frequency-dependent). These ranges are covered with the uncertainty of measurement specified in clause 2. Calibration frequencies lower than 1 Hz (e.g. 0,4 Hz, which is a reference frequency used in other International Standards) and acceleration amplitudes smaller than 0,1 m/s 2 (e.g. 0,004 m/s 2 at 1 Hz) can be achieved using Method 3 specified in this part of ISO 16063, in conjunction with an appropriate low-frequency vibration generator. Method 1 (fringe-counting method) is applicable to sensitivity magnitude calibration in the frequency range 1 Hz to 800 Hz and, under special conditions, at higher frequencies (cf. clause 7). Method 2 (minimum-point method) can be used for sensitivity magnitude calibration in the frequency range 800 Hz to 10 kHz (cf. clause 8). Method 3 (sine-approximation method) can be used for magnitude of sensitivity and phase calibration in the frequency range 1 Hz to 10 kHz (cf. clause 9). Methods 1 and 3 provide for calibrations at fixed acceleration amplitudes at various frequencies. Method 2 requires calibrations at fixed displacement amplitudes (acceleration amplitude varies with frequency).
ISO 16063-12:2002
Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers - Part 12: Primary vibration calibration by the reciprocity method
This part of ISO 16063 specifies the instrumentation and procedures to be used for primary calibration of accelerometers using the reciprocity method and the SI system of units. It is applicable to the calibration of rectilinear accelerometers over a frequency range of 40 Hz to 5 kHz and a frequency-dependent amplitude range of 10 m/s 2 to 100 m/s 2 and is based on the use of the coil of an electrodynamic vibrator as the reciprocal transducer. Calibration of the sensitivity of a transducer can be obtained using this part of ISO 16063 provided that the signal conditioner or amplifier used with the transducer during calibration has been adequately characterized. In order to achieve these measurement uncertainties, it has been assumed that the transducer has been calibrated in combination with its signal conditioner or amplifier (the combination of which in this part of ISO 16063 is referred to as the accelerometer).
ISO 16063-13:2001
Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers - Part 13: Primary shock calibration using laser interferometry
This part of ISO 16063 specifies the instrumentation and procedure to be used for primary shock calibration of rectilinear accelerometers, using laser interferometry to sense the time-dependent displacement during the shock. The method is applicable in a shock pulse duration range 0,05 ms to 10 ms and a range of peak values of 10 2 m/s 2 to 10 5 m/s 2 (pulse-duration dependent). The method allows the shock sensitivity to be obtained.
ISO 16063-15:2006
Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers - Part 15: Primary angular vibration calibration by laser interferometry
ISO 16063-15:2006 specifies the instrumentation and procedures used for primary angular vibration calibration of angular transducers, i.e. angular accelerometers, angular velocity transducers and rotational angle transducers (with or without amplifier) to obtain the magnitude and the phase shift of the complex sensitivity by steady-state sinusoidal vibration and laser interferometry. The methods specified in ISO 16063-15:2006 are applicable to measuring instruments (rotational laser vibrometers in particular) and to angular transducers as defined in ISO 2041 for the quantities of rotational angle, angular velocity and angular acceleration. ISO 16063-15:2006 is applicable to a frequency range from 1 Hz to 1,6 kHz and a dynamic range (amplitude) from 0,1 rad/s 2 to 1 000 rad/s 2 (frequency-dependent). Calibration frequencies lower than 1 Hz (e.g. 0,4 Hz, which is a reference frequency used in other International Standards) and angular acceleration amplitudes smaller than 0,1 rad/s 2 can be achieved using method 3A or method 3B specified in ISO 16063-15:2006, in conjunction with an appropriate low-frequency angular vibration generator. ISO 16063-15:2006 describes six methods. Method 1A ( fringe-counting, interferometer type A) and method 1B ( fringe-counting, interferometer type B) are applicable to the calibration of the magnitude of complex sensitivity in the frequency range of 1 Hz to 800 Hz and under special conditions, at higher frequencies. Method 2A (minimum-point method, interferometer type A ) and method 2B (minimum-point method, interferometer type B) can be used for sensitivity magnitude calibration in the frequency range of 800 Hz to 1,6 kHz. Method 3A (sine-approximation method, interferometer type A) and method 3B (sine-approximation method, interferometer type B) can be used for magnitude of sensitivity and phase calibration in the frequency range of 1 Hz to 1,6 kHz. Methods 1A, 1B and 3A, 3B provide for calibrations at fixed angular acceleration amplitudes at various frequencies. Methods 2A and 2B require calibrations at fixed rotational angle amplitudes (angular velocity amplitude and angular acceleration amplitude vary with frequency).
ISO 16063-21:2003
Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers -- Part 21: Vibration calibration by comparison with a reference transducer
ISO 16063-21:2003 describes the calibration of rectilinear vibration transducers by comparison. Although it mainly describes calibration using direct comparison to a standard calibrated by primary methods, the methods described can be applied between other levels in the calibration hierarchy. ISO 16063-21:2003 specifies procedures for performing calibrations of rectilinear vibration transducers by comparison in the frequency range from 0,4 Hz to 10 kHz. It is primarily intended for those who are required to meet ISO standardized methods for the measurement of vibration under laboratory conditions, where the uncertainty of measurement is relatively small. It can also be used under field conditions, where the uncertainty of measurement may be relatively large. From knowledge of all significant sources of uncertainty affecting the calibration, the expanded uncertainty can be evaluated using the methods given in ISO 16063-21. It also covers the assessment of uncertainties for calibrations performed using a check standard.
ISO 16063-22:2005
Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers - Part 22: Shock calibration by comparison to a reference transducer
ISO 16063-22:2005 specifies the instrumentation and procedures to be used for secondary shock calibration of rectilinear transducers, using a reference acceleration, velocity or force measurement for the time-dependent shock. The methods are applicable in a shock pulse duration range of 0,05 ms to 8,0 ms, and a dynamic range (peak value) of 100 m/s to 100 km/s 2 (time-dependent). The methods allow the transducer shock sensitivity (i.e. the relationship between the peak values of the transducer output quantity and the acceleration) to be obtained. These methods are not intended for the calibration of dynamic force transducers used in modal analysis.
ISO 16063-31:2009
Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers - Part 31: Testing of transverse vibration sensitivity
ISO 16063-31:2009 specifies details of the instrumentation and methods to be used for transverse vibration sensitivity testing. It applies to rectilinear velocity and acceleration transducers. The methods and procedures specified in ISO 16063-31:2009 allow the determination of the sensitivity of a transducer to vibration in the plane perpendicular to its geometric axis of sensitivity. Because the magnitude of this transverse sensitivity can vary with the direction of the applied vibration, the various methods determine the maximum value. Using that value, the ratio of the transverse sensitivity to the sensitivity on the geometric axis of the transducer can be calculated. In addition, the angle at which the maximum transverse sensitivity occurs can be determined. The methods and techniques specified can be applied without re-mounting the transducer away from its mounting surface during the test, thus avoiding significant uncertainties often encountered in methods which require repeated mounting. The different methods specified use a single-axis vibration exciter, a two-axis vibration exciter or a tri-axial vibration exciter. Tri-axial vibration excitation allows the transverse sensitivity and the sensitivity on the geometric axis to be determined simultaneously, thus simulating application conditions where the transducer is exposed to multi-axial vibration. ISO 16063-31:2009 is applicable to a frequency range from 1 Hz to 5 kHz and for a dynamic range from 1 m/s 2 to 1 000 m/s 2 (frequency dependent) and from 1 mm/s to 1 m/s (frequency dependent). Although among all the systems specified it is possible to achieve these ranges, generally each has limitations permitting its use in much smaller ranges. The methods specified are by comparison both to a reference transducer and to a laser interferometer. The methods specified allow an expanded uncertainty of the transverse sensitivity (coverage factor k = 2) of 0,1 % or less to be achieved, if the expanded uncertainty is expressed as a percentage of the sensitivity of the test transducer in its sensitive axis.
ISO 16063-41:2011
Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers - Part 41: Calibration of laser vibrometers
ISO 16063-41:2011 specifies the instrumentation and procedures for performing primary and secondary calibrations of rectilinear laser vibrometers in the frequency range typically between 0,4 Hz and 50 kHz. It specifies the calibration of laser vibrometer standards designated for the calibration of either laser vibrometers or mechanical vibration transducers in accredited or non-accredited calibration laboratories, as well as the calibration of laser vibrometers by a laser vibrometer standard or by comparison to a reference transducer calibrated by laser interferometry. The specification of the instrumentation contains requirements on laser vibrometer standards. Rectilinear laser vibrometers can be calibrated in accordance with ISO 16063-41:2011 if they are designed as laser optical transducers with, or without, an indicating instrument to sense the motion quantities of displacement or velocity, and to transform them into proportional (i.e. time-dependent) electrical output signals. These output signals are typically digital for laser vibrometer standards and usually analogue for laser vibrometers. The output signal or the reading of a laser vibrometer can be the amplitude and, in addition, occasionally the phase shift of the motion quantity (acceleration included). In ISO 16063-41:2011 the modulus calibration is explicitly specified.
ISO/TR 13115:2011
Non-destructive testing - Methods for absolute calibration of acoustic emission transducers by the reciprocity technique
ISO/TR 13115:2011 describes the method of three-transducer calibration for calibrating frequency responses of absolute sensitivity by means of a reciprocity technique using three reversible acoustic emission transducers of the same kind, the method of two-transducer calibration for calibrating frequency responses of reception sensitivity of an optional acoustic emission transducer by using one acoustic emission transducer, the transmission responses of which have been calibrated by three-transducer calibration, the method for impulse response calibration for calibrating impulse responses of absolute sensitivity through inverse Fourier transform of the frequency responses measured by the three-transducer calibration, and the method for representing the calibration results.
SAE J 2570-2019
Performance Specifications for Anthropomorphic Test Device Transducers
This SAE Recommended Practice defines the minimum performance specifications for sensors used within anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) when performing impact tests per SAE J211. It is intended that any agency proposing to conduct tests in accordance with SAE J211 shall be able to demonstrate that the transducers they use would meet the performance requirements specified in this document.
