Vehicle Ergonomics Standards
Vehicle ergonomics standards govern auditory, tactile and visual communications between the vehicle and the driver, they relate to the thermal conditions in the driver's compartment, and they provide test procedures for evaluating these factors on the performance and comfort of the driver. Included here are a selection of ISO international standards, Austrian standards and British Standards. Additional related standards may be found using keyword or document search.
ISO 15005:2017
Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transportation and control systems - Dialogue management principles and compliance procedures
ISO 15005:2017 specifies ergonomic principles for the design of the dialogues that take place between the driver of a road vehicle and the vehicle's transport information and control systems (TICS) while the vehicle is in motion. It also specifies compliance verification conditions for the requirements related to these principles. ISO 15005:2017 is applicable to TICS consisting of either single or multiple devices, which can be either independent or interconnected. It is not applicable to TICS without dialogues, TICS failures or malfunctions, or controls or displays used for non-TICS functions. The requirements and recommendations of this document can be reconsidered for drivers with special needs.
ISO 15008:2017
Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems - Specifications and test procedures for in-vehicle visual presentation
ISO 15008:2017 specifies minimum requirements for the image quality and legibility of displays containing dynamic (changeable) visual information presented to the driver of a passenger car by on-board transport information and control systems (TICS) used while the vehicle is in motion. Heavy vehicles are excluded for the requirements of contrast and font size since these chapters reference ISO 4513 which is only applicable for passenger vehicles. These requirements are intended to be independent of display technologies. Reference to test methods and measurements for assessing compliance with them have been included where necessary. ISO 15008:2017 is applicable mainly to perceptual, and some basic cognitive, components of the visual information, including character legibility and colour recognition. It is not applicable to other factors affecting performance and comfort, such as coding, format and dialogue characteristics, or to displays using: - characters presented as a part of a symbol or pictorial information (e.g.CD symbol); - superimposed information on the external field (e.g. head-up displays); - pictorial images (e.g. rear view camera); - maps and topographic representations (e.g. those for setting navigation systems); or - quasi-static information (e.g. AM/PM, km/miles, kPa/PSI, On/Off information).
ISO 16673:2017
Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems - Occlusion method to assess visual demand due to the use of in-vehicle systems
ISO 16673:2017 provides a procedure for measuring visual demand due to the use of visual or visual-manual interfaces accessible to the driver while the vehicle is in motion. It applies to both original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and after-market in-vehicle systems. It applies to both permanently installed and portable systems. It applies to any means of visual occlusion and is not dependent on one specific physical implementation.
ISO 16505:2019
Road vehicles - Ergonomic and performance aspects of Camera Monitor Systems - Requirements and test procedures
This document gives minimum safety, ergonomic, and performance requirements for Camera Monitor Systems to replace mandatory inside and outside rearview mirrors for road vehicles (e.g. classes I to IV as defined in UN Regulation No. 46). It addresses Camera Monitor Systems (CMS) that will be used in road vehicles to present the required outside information of a specific field of view inside the vehicle. These specifications are intended to be independent of different camera and display technologies unless otherwise stated explicitly. Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), such as parking aids, are not part of this document. NOTE 1 Mirror classes V and VI (as defined in UN Regulation No. 46) are not in scope of this document since the requirements are already defined in UN Regulation No. 46. NOTE 2 The definitions and requirements in this document are formulated with regard to a system structure, where one camera captures one legally prescribed field of view and one monitor displays one legally prescribed field of view. Of course, also other system structures (e.g. with one monitor displaying two legally prescribed fields of view) are within the scope of this document. For those systems, either the system supplier or the vehicle manufacturer has to prove that the resulting system fulfils the requirements given in Clause 6. NOTE 3 Whenever the phrases field of view or field of vision are used, then both have the same meaning and are to be used in parallel.
ISO 16121-1:2012
Road vehicles - Ergonomic requirements for the drivers workplace in line-service buses - Part 1: General description, basic requirements
ISO 16121-1:2012 applies to the driver's workplace in low-floor line-service buses designed for the carriage of passengers, comprising more than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat, and having a maximum weight exceeding five metric tonnes and an overall width exceeding 2,30 m. ISO 16121-1:2012 contains basic requirements for an ergonomic and comfortable seating position, which is essential to keep drivers in a good state of health. The dimensions and mounting positions of a driver's seat, pedals and steering should be carefully chosen to enable drivers to sit in an ergonomic seating position, i.e. sitting at angles which comply with the given ranges of comfort and to allow some variation when seated.
ISO 16121-2:2011
Road vehicles - Ergonomic requirements for the drivers workplace in line-service buses - Part 2: Visibility
ISO 16121-2:2011 specifies the requirements for the driver's field of view to the area in front of the vehicle, to the entrance opposite the driver's seat and the interior compartment. ISO 16121-2:2011 applies to the driver's workplace in low-floor line-service buses designed for the carriage of passengers, comprising more than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat, and having a maximum weight exceeding five metric tonnes and an overall width exceeding 2,30 m.
ISO 16121-3:2011
Road vehicles - Ergonomic requirements for the drivers workplace in line-service buses - Part 3: Information devices and controls
ISO 16121-3:2011 specifies requirements for the location of information devices and controls. ISO 16121-3:2011 applies to the driver's workplace in low-floor buses designed for the carriage of passengers, comprising more than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat, and having a maximum weight exceeding five metric tonnes and a maximum width exceeding 2,30 m.
ISO 16121-4:2011
Road vehicles - Ergonomic requirements for the drivers workplace in line-service buses - Part 4: Cabin environment
ISO 16121-4:2011 specifies minimum requirements for the cabin environment. ISO 16121-4:2011 applies to the driver's workplace in low-floor line-service buses designed for the carriage of passengers, comprising more than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat, and having a maximum weight exceeding five metric tonnes and an overall width exceeding 2,30 m.
ISO 26022:2010
Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems - Simulated lane change test to assess in-vehicle secondary task demand
ISO 26022:2010 describes a dynamic dual-task method that quantitatively measures human performance degradation on a primary driving-like task while a secondary task is being performed. The result is an estimate of secondary task demand. The method is laboratory based, and ISO 26022:2010 defines the method, the minimum requirements for equipment to support the method, and procedures for collecting and analyzing data derived from the method. The method is applicable to all types of interactions with in-vehicle information, communication, entertainment and control systems; manual, visual, haptic and auditory, and combinations thereof. Secondary tasks requiring speed variations to be performed cannot be tested with this method. It applies to both Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) and aftermarket in-vehicle systems. It also applies to systems either portable or integrated into the vehicle. The driver behaviour principles, the specific task procedures and driving task correspond only to the operation of a passenger car.
ISO/TS 14198:2019
Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems - Calibration tasks for methods which assess driver demand due to the use of in-vehicle systems
This document provides procedures that can be used as a secondary task in a dual task setting to determine whether that evaluation setting is standardized and valid for purposes of assessing driver attentional demand due to the use of an in-vehicle system. This document does not define calibration procedures for other evaluation activities that a laboratory might undertake. This document provides guidance on selecting a calibration task given a specific primary task. The primary tasks of interest include those that would be used in the evaluation of attentional demand. Such primary tasks are defined in other documents. The description of a calibration task includes its application, experimental setup, data collection, and procedures for analysis of results. The purpose of this document is not to define a reference criterion as to whether a given secondary task is suitable for use while driving. Although specific settings of parameters of a calibration task might be used to realize such a predefined pass/fail criterion, this document does not provide such a criterion for a given level of attentional demand.
ISO/TR 12204:2012
Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems - Introduction to integrating safety critical and time critical warning signals
ISO/TR 12204:2012 provides general, informative guidance for the integration of safety critical and time critical warning signals (signals which, if ignored even briefly, could result in bodily harm to the occupant(s) of the vehicle and/or to other road users) into existing in-vehicle messages presented to a driver. Integration of non-critical signals are outside the scope of ISO/TR 12204:2012, except to confirm that they do not affect the driver's comprehension of safety and time critical signals. ISO/TR 12204:2012 provides: 1) possible approaches for determining if integration is necessary to mitigate the possibility that signals from one or more vehicle system may degrade the driver's comprehension of, or response to, safety critical warning signals from another system(s); and 2) a discussion of possible methods for assessing potential integration conflicts.
ISO/TR 16352:2005
Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of in-vehicle presentation for transport information and control systems - Warning systems
ISO/TR 16352:2005 provides a literature survey about the human-machine interface of warning systems in vehicles. It covers the experimental experiences about the efficiency and acceptance of different modalities and combinations of warnings, and the design of the sensorial, code and organizational parameters of visual, auditory and tactile warnings.
ISO/TS 16951:2021
Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems (TICS) - Procedures for determining priority of on-board messages presented to drivers
This document provides formal procedures and two, alternative, methods (users are advised to choose whichever of the two suits their individual requirements) for determining the priority of on-board messages presented to drivers of road vehicles by transport information and control systems (TICS) and other systems. It is applicable to the whole range of TICS in-vehicle messages, including traveller information, navigation, travel and traffic advisories, “yellow pages†information, warnings, systems status, emergency calling system information, and electronic toll/fee collection, as well as to messages from non-TICS sources such as telephone, warnings and telltales. Although applicable to systems that allow the free generation of messages, it neither provides guidance on how to use the messages deriving from its procedures nor is it applicable to mandatory or legally required messages.
ISO/TS 14505-1:2007
Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Evaluation of thermal environments in vehicles - Part 1: Principles and methods for assessment of thermal stress
ISO 14505-1:2007 gives guidelines for the assessment of thermal stress inside vehicles used for land, sea and air operation. It offers information about the assessment of hot, cold as well as moderate thermal environments by referring to different methods, as specified in International Standards, and specifying the constraints and necessary adjustments needed for the special case of vehicle climate assessment.
ISO 14505-2:2006
Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Evaluation of thermal environments in vehicles - Part 2: Determination of equivalent temperature
ISO 14505-2:2006 provides guidelines for the assessment of the thermal conditions inside a vehicle compartment. It can also be applied to other confined spaces with asymmetric climatic conditions. It is primarily intended for assessment of thermal conditions, when deviations from thermal neutrality are relatively small. Appropriate methodology as given in ISO 14505-2:2006 can be chosen for inclusion in specific performance standards for testing of HVAC-systems for vehicles and similar confined spaces.
ISO 14505-3:2006
Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Evaluation of thermal environments in vehicles - Part 3: Evaluation of thermal comfort using human subjects
ISO 14505-3:2006 gives guidelines and specifies a standard test method for the assessment, using human subjects, of thermal comfort in vehicles. It is not restricted to any particular vehicle but provides the general principles that allow assessment and evaluation. The method can be used to determine a measure of the performance of a vehicle for conditions of interest, in terms of whether it provides thermal comfort to people or not. This can be used in vehicle development and evaluation. ISO 14505-3:2006 is applicable to all types of vehicles, including cars, buses, trucks, off-road vehicles, trains, aircraft, ships, submarines, and to the cabins of cranes and similar spaces. It applies where people are enclosed in a vehicle and when they are exposed to outside conditions. For those exposed to outside conditions, such as riders of bicycles or motorcycles, drivers of open sports cars and operators of fork lift trucks without cabins, vehicle speed and weather conditions can dominate responses. The principles of assessment, however, will still apply. ISO 14505-3:2006 applies to both passengers and operators of vehicles where its application does not interfere with the safe operation of the vehicle.
ISO 17287:2003
Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems - Procedure for assessing suitability for use while driving
ISO 17287:2002 specifies a procedure for assessing whether specific TICS, or a combination of TICS with other in-vehicle systems, are suitable for use by drivers while driving. It addresses user-oriented TICS description and context of use, TICS task description and analysis, assessment process, and documentation. The TICS description and context of use includes consideration of improper use, reasonably foreseeable misuse and TICS failure. The TICS description, analysis and assessment include a process for identifying and addressing suitability issues. ISO 17287:2002 does not recommend specific variables for assessing suitability nor does it define criteria for establishing the suitability of use of a TICS Table while driving.
