Aluminum coating and finishes standards define test methods for specifying, applying, and evaluating protective and decorative finishes on aluminum and its alloys, covering designation systems, coating requirements, performance testing, and limitations to ensure durability, corrosion resistance, appearance, and suitability for various environments.
ISO 2931:2017 specifies a method for assessing the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys by measurement of the admittance. The method is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings sealed in an aqueous medium. NOTE 1 Results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings sealed by different methods, e.g. hydrothermal sealing and cold sealing, are not necessarily comparable. NOTE 2 Results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings on alloys containing more than 2 % silicon or 5 % manganese or 3 % magnesium are not comparable with results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings on more dilute alloys. The method is suitable for use as a production-control test and as an acceptance test where there is agreement between the anodizer and the customer. Any type of anodized component can be tested by the method described, provided that there is a sufficient area (a circle of diameter about 20 mm) and that the film thickness is greater than 3 µm.
ISO 3210:2017 specifies methods of assessing the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys by measurement of the loss of mass after immersion in acid solution(s). It consists of the following two methods. - Method 1: Assessment of quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measurement of the loss of mass after immersion in a phosphoric acid based solution without prior acid treatment. - Method 2: Assessment of quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measurement of the loss of mass after immersion in a phosphoric acid based solution with prior acid treatment. Method 1 is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings intended for decorative or protective purposes or where resistance to staining is important. Method 2 is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings intended for outdoor architectural purposes. For less severe applications, Method 1 can be more suitable. The methods are not applicable to the following: - hard-type anodic oxidation coatings which normally are not sealed; - anodic oxidation coatings that have been sealed only in dichromate solutions; - anodic oxidation coatings produced in chromic acid solutions; - anodic oxidation coatings that have undergone treatment to render them hydrophobic. NOTE 1 The methods assess the quality of hydrothermal sealing applied to anodized aluminium. They can be appropriate for other sealing methods. NOTE 2 The methods are destructive and can serve as reference methods in case of doubt or dispute regarding the results of the test for loss of absorptive power (see ISO 2143) or the measurement of admittance (see ISO 2931).
This document specifies a gravimetric method for determining the mass per unit area (surface density) of anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys. The method is applicable to all oxidation coatings formed by anodizing aluminium and its alloys, either cast or wrought, and is suitable for most aluminium alloys, except those in which the mass fraction of copper is greater than 6 %. NOTE 1 A high content of copper in the alloy can lead to increased dissolution of the substrate aluminium. NOTE 2 If the thickness is known with sufficient precision (for example, using the method specified in ISO 2128), the determination of the mass per unit area (surface density) of the coatings will enable its apparent density to be calculated. Conversely, if the conditions of application of the coating and its density are known, the determination of its mass per unit area (surface density) can permit the calculation of the average mass and an approximate evaluation of the thickness (see Clause 9).
This document specifies requirements for hard anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys, including test methods. It also specifies the information to be supplied by the customer to the anodizer (see Annex A). It is not applicable to coatings produced by processes such as those referred to as plasma electrolytic oxidation, micro-arc oxidation, plasma-chemical anodic oxidation, anodic spark deposition or spark anodizing.
1.1 This practice covers the apparatus, procedure, and conditions required to create and maintain the salt spray (fog) test environment. Suitable apparatus which may be used is described in Appendix X1 . 1.2 This practice does not prescribe the type of test specimen or exposure periods to be used for a specific product, nor the interpretation to be given to the results. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for assessing the adhesion of relatively ductile coating films to metallic substrates by applying and removing pressure-sensitive tape over cuts made in the film. 1.2 Test Method A is primarily intended to rate the adhesion of coatings and coating systems greater than 125 μm (5 mils) in total thickness, while Test Method B is primarily intended to rate the adhesion of coatings and coating systems less than 125 μm (5 mils) in total thickness. Test Method B is not considered suitable for films thicker than 125 μm (5 mils) unless wider spaced cuts are employed and there is an explicit agreement between the purchaser and seller. If the thickness of the coating or coating system has not been predetermined, employ the use of a standard such as Practice D7091 or other appropriate standard agreed upon by interested parties prior to proceeding. 1.3 These test methods are used to evaluate whether the adhesion of a coating to a substrate is adequate for the user's application. They do not distinguish between higher levels of adhesion for which more sophisticated methods of measurement are required. 1.4 This test method is similar in content (but not technically equivalent) to ISO 2409. 1.5 In multicoat systems adhesion failure may occur between coats so that the adhesion of the coating system to the substrate is not determined. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Revised in 2003 (Reaffirmed in Jan., 2009). Outlines a system of designations for all types of finishes and coatings commonly applied to aluminum. Examples of designations for mechanical and chemical finishes and anodic coatings illustrate how the system is used. (8 pages)
Document Status: Active. Information and documents presented here are works of the U.S. Government and are not subject to copyright protection in the U.S. The source of these documents is the U.S. Department of Defense
1.1 This specification covers requirements for electrolytically formed porous oxide coatings on aluminum and aluminum alloy parts in which appearance, abrasion resistance, electrical properties, and protection against corrosion are important. Nonporous, barrier layer anodic coatings used for electrical capacitors are not covered. Seven types of coatings as shown in Table 1 are provided. Definitions and typical examples of service conditions are provided in Appendix X1 . Note 1: It is recognized that uses exist in which modifications of the coatings covered by this specification may be required. In such cases the particular properties desired by the purchaser should be the subject of agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This specification covers measurement of strain resistance of anodic coatings on aluminium and its alloys, that have undergone a sealing treatment and contact with an acidic solution, are stainproof or nonadsorptive with respect to dyes. The method comprises contacting the test area of the anodized specimen with nitric acid solution and, after rinsing and drying, applying a special dye solution followed by rinsing and rubbing the test area with pumice powder, drying, and visual examination of the test area for retention of dye stain. Coatings that exhibit no dye stain or change in color are considered to have passed the test. Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. A specified solution of nitric acid shall be prepared in distilled or deionized water. A specified volume of aluminium blue 2WL dye shall be dissolved in distilled or deionized water.
ISO 2143 specifies a method of estimating the loss of absorptive power of anodic oxidation coatings that have undergone a sealing treatment, by dye absorption after acid pretreatment.
The method is suitable for use as a production control method and can be applicable to anodic oxidation coatings which may be subjected to weathering or aggressive environments, or where resistance to staining is important.
The method is not applicable to those coatings that
a) are formed on alloys containing more than 2 % copper or 4 % silicon,
b) are sealed by the dichromate process,
c) have been given supplementary processing, e.g. oiling, waxing or lacquering,
d) are coloured in deep shades, and
e) are less than 3 μm thickness.
The method is less appropriate where nickel or cobalt salts, or organic additives, have been added to baths used for hydrothermal sealing.
ISO 7599:2018 specifies a method for specifying decorative and protective anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium (including aluminium-based alloys). It defines the characteristic properties of anodic oxidation coatings, lists methods of test for checking the characteristic properties, provides minimum performance requirements, and gives information on the grades of aluminium suitable for anodizing and the importance of pretreatment to ensure the required appearance or texture of the finished work.
It is not applicable to
a) non-porous anodic oxidation coatings of the barrier layer type,
b) anodic oxidation coatings produced by chromic acid or phosphoric acid anodizing,
c) anodic oxidation coatings intended merely to prepare the substrate for subsequent application of organic coatings or for the electrodeposition of metals, and
d) hard anodic oxidation coatings used mainly for engineering purposes, for which abrasion and wear resistance are the primary characteristics (see ISO 10074).