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Other Electrical Disturbance Standards

Electrical Disturbance standards cover test methods for road vehicles subjected to exposure from a range of possible sources of electrical disturbances. While this is important in any vehicle, the increasing amounts of electrical components present in modern non-electric vehicles and the roll-out of electric vehicles makes the consideration of electromagnetic immunity all the more important. ISO standards from three series, ISO 11452, ISO 11451, and ISO 7637, contribute heavily to this field of standardization.

SAE J 1113-11-2012

Immunity to Conducted Transients on Power Leads

This SAE Standard defines methods and apparatus to evaluate electronic devices for immunity to potential interference from conducted transients along battery feed or switched ignition inputs. Test apparatus specifications outlined in this procedure were developed for components installed in vehicles with 12-V systems (passenger cars and light trucks, 12-V heavy-duty trucks, and vehicles with 24-V systems). Presently, it is not intended for use on other input/output (I/O) lines of the device under test (DUT).

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SAE J 1113-26-2021

Electromagnetic Compatibility Measurement Procedure for Vehicle Components - Immunity to AC Power Line Electric Fields

This SAE Recommended Practice covers the recommended testing techniques for the determination of electric field immunity of an automotive electronic device when the device and its wiring harness is exposed to a power line electric field. This technique uses a parallel plate field generator and a high voltage, low current voltage source to produce the field.

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SAE J 551-1-2020

Performance Levels and Methods of Measurement of Electromagnetic Compatibility of Vehicles, Boats (up to 15 m), and Machines (16.6 Hz to 18 GHz)

This SAE Standard covers the measurement of radio frequency radiated emissions and immunity. Each part details the requirements for a specific type of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) test and the applicable frequency range of the test method. The methods are applicable to a vehicle, boat, machine or device powered by an internal combustion engine or battery powered electric motor. Operation of all engines or motors (main and auxiliary) of a vehicle, boat, machine or device is included. All equipment normally operating when the vehicle, boat, machine or device is in operation is included. Operator controlled equipment is included or excluded as specified in the individual document parts. As a special case, CISPR 12 applies to battery powered floor finishing equipment, but robot carpet sweepers are excluded. By reference, IEC CISPR 12 and CISPR 25 are adopted as the standards for the measurement of vehicle emissions. In the event that an amendment is made or a new edition is published, the new IEC document shall become part of this standard six months after the publication of the IEC document. SAE reserves the right to identify exceptions to the published IEC documents with the exceptions to be documented in SAE J551-2 and SAE J551-4, respectively. Also by reference, ISO 11451-2, ISO 11451-3 and ISO 11451-4 are adopted as standards for the measurement of vehicle immunity. In the event that an amendment is made or a new edition is published, the new ISO document shall become part of this standard six months after the publication of the ISO document. SAE reserves the right to identify exceptions to the published ISO documents with the exceptions to be documented in SAE J551-11, SAE J551-12 and SAE J551-13, respectively. The recommended levels apply only to complete vehicles in their final manufactured form. Vehicle-mounted rectifiers used for charging in electric vehicles are included in this series of documents when operated in their charging mode. Emissions from intentional radiators are not controlled by this document. (See applicable, appropriate regulatory documents.) The immunity of commercial mains powered equipment to over voltages and line transients is not covered by this document.

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SAE J 551-5-2017

Performance Levels and Methods of Measurement of Magnetic and Electric Field Strength from Electric Vehicles, 150 kHz to 30 MHz

This SAE Recommended Practice specifies measurement procedures and performance levels for magnetic and electric field emissions and conducted power mains emissions over the frequency range 150 kHz to 30 MHz, for vehicles incorporating electric propulsion systems, e.g., battery, hybrid, or plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Conducted emission measurements in this document are applicable only to battery-charging systems which utilize a switching frequency above 9 kHz, are mounted on the vehicle, and whose power is transferred by metallic conductors. Conducted emission requirements apply only during charging of the batteries from AC power lines. Conducted and radiated emissions measurements of battery-charging systems that use an induction power coupling device are not covered by this document. The measurement of electromagnetic disturbances for frequencies from 30 MHz to 1000 MHz is covered in CISPR 12.

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SAE J 551-16-2012 (SAE J551-16-2012)

Electromagnetic Immunity-Off-Vehicle Source (Reverberation Chamber Method)- Part 16-Immunity to Radiated Electromagnetic Fields

Vehicle electrical/electronic systems may be affected when immersed in an electromagnetic field generated by sources such as radio and TV broadcast stations, radar and communication sites, mobile transmitters, cellular phones, etc. This part of SAE J551 specifies off-vehicle radiated source test methods and procedures for testing passenger cars and commercial vehicles within a Reverberation Chamber. The method is used to evaluate the immunity of vehicle mounted electronic devices in the frequency range of 80 MHz to 2 GHz, with possible extensions 20 MHz to 10 GHz, depending upon chamber size and construction. Three methods for calibrating and applying electromagnetic fields are described in the document: 1) Mode Tuned Reverberation Chamber method, 2) Mode Stir (Standard) Reverberation Chamber method and 3) Mode Stir (Hybrid) Reverberation Chamber method. Optional pulse modulation testing at HIRF (High Intensity Radiated Fields) test levels, based upon currently known environmental threats, has been included in this revision of the standard. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages which are discussed in each individual test section. All methods have been proven to be effective at finding potential field issues at the vehicle level. SAE J551-1 specifies general definitions, practical use, and basic principles of the test procedure. Specific chamber characterization procedures, formulas and calibration procedures for the Mode Tuned and Mode Stir (Standard) methods can be found in SAE J1113-28 and J1113-27 respectively. Chamber characterization procedures for the Mode Stir (Hybrid) method are described in 6.3 of this document. This document provides vehicle manufacturers with a test procedure and performance requirements necessary to evaluate the immunity of vehicles early in the design stage as well as pilot and production stages. This method is an alternative to testing in an absorber lined chamber.

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CISPR 25 Ed. 5.0 b:2021

Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of on-board receivers

CISPR 25:2021 contains limits and procedures for the measurement of radio disturbances in the frequency range of 150 kHz to 5 925 MHz. This document applies to vehicles, boats, internal combustion engines, trailers, devices and any electronic/electrical component intended for use in vehicles, boats, trailers and devices. Refer to International Telecommunications Union (ITU) publications for details of frequency allocations. The limits are intended to provide protection for on-board receivers installed (per the manufacturer’s guidelines) in a vehicle from disturbances produced by components/modules in the same vehicle. The receiver types to be protected are, for example, broadcast receivers (sound and television), land mobile radio, radio telephone, amateur, citizens' radio, Satellite Navigation (GPS etc.), Wi-Fi, V2X, and Bluetooth. This document does not include protection of electronic control systems from radio frequency (RF) emissions or from transient or pulse-type voltage fluctuations. These subjects are included in ISO publications. The limits in this document are recommended and subject to modification as agreed between the customer (e.g. vehicle manufacturer) and the supplier (e.g. component manufacturer). This document is also intended to be applied by vehicle manufacturers and suppliers which are to be added and connected to the vehicle harness or to an on-board power connector after delivery of the vehicle. This document defines test methods for use by vehicle manufacturers and suppliers, to assist in the design of vehicles and components and ensure controlled levels of on-board radio frequency emissions. The emission requirements in this document are not intended to be applicable to the intentional transmissions from a radio transmitter as defined by the ITU including their spurious emissions. NOTE 1 This exclusion is limited to those intended transmitter emissions, which leave the EUT as radiated emissions and are coupled onto the wire line in the measurement setup. For conducted transmissions on frequencies intentionally produced by the radio part of an EUT, this exclusion does not apply. NOTE 2 It is usual for customers and suppliers to use radio regulation standards to manage the effect of spurious emissions from a radio transmitter unless limits of spurious emission are agreed in the test plan. This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: inclusion of new frequency bands, deletion of the annex on TEM cells, inclusion of annexes on measurement uncertainty, overall improvement.

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ISO 10605:2008

Road vehicles - Test methods for electrical disturbances from electrostatic discharge

ISO 10605:2008 specifies the electrostatic discharge (ESD) test methods necessary to evaluate electronic modules intended for vehicle use. It applies to discharges in the following cases: ESD in assembly; ESD caused by service staff; ESD caused by occupants. ESD applied to the device under test (DUT) can directly influence the DUT. ESD applied to neighbouring parts can couple into supply and signal lines of the DUT in the vehicle and/or directly into the DUT. ISO 10605:2008 describes test procedures for evaluating both electronic modules on the bench and complete vehicles. It also describes a test procedure that classifies the ESD sensitivity of modules for packaging and handling. ISO 10605:2008 applies to all types of road vehicles regardless of the propulsion system (e.g. spark-ignition engine, diesel engine, electric motor). ISO 10605:2008 is based in part on IEC 61000-4-2 and describes vehicle-specific requirements. ISO 10605:2008 does not apply to pyrotechnic modules.

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