Space particle testing standards are published by ISO and BS. The ISO documents cover space environment and space systems, including the method of solar energetic protons fluences and peak fluxes determination, simulation guidelines for radiation exposure of non-metallic materials, and the galactic cosmic ray model. The BS documents cover space engineering and space product assurance.
ISO/TR 18147:2014 is intended for calculating the probability for solar energetic particle (SEP) to have an impact on materials, hardware, and biological objects. ISO/TR 18147:2014 establishes the differential energy spectra for the (0,1/10 3 ) MeV SEP fluences and/or peak fluxes in the near-earth space, beyond the earth magnetosphere during the missions any duration under varying solar activity. If additional prepositions are used, the method establishes the basic fluences and peak fluxes for their determination throughout the heliosphere. When the effect of the particle penetration into the magnetosphere is taken into account, the method establishes the basic fluences and peak fluxes for their determination on the near-earth spacecraft and manned station orbits. Because the occurrence of SEP is a process a probabilistic nature, fluences and peak fluxes calculation relate to the different levels of probability. The method is intended for specialists engaged in determination of radiation conditions in space.
ISO 15856:2009 is the first part of a series on space environment simulation for on-ground tests of materials used in space. This International Standard covers the testing of non-metallic materials exposed to simulated space radiation. Non-metallic materials include glasses, ceramics and polymer-metal composite materials such as metal matrix composites and laminated materials. ISO 15856:2009 does not cover semiconductor materials used for electronic components. The types of simulated radiation include charged particles (electrons and protons), solar ultraviolet radiation and soft X-radiation of solar flares. Synergistic interactions of the radiation environment are covered only for these natural, and some induced, environmental effects. ISO 15856:2009 outlines the recommended methodology and practices for the simulation of space radiation effects on materials. Simulation methods are used to reproduce the effects of the space radiation environment on materials that are located on surfaces of space vehicles and behind shielding.
ISO 15390:2004 specifies a model for estimating the radiation impact of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) on hardware and on biological and other objects when in space. ISO 15390:2004 can also be used in scientific research to generalize the available experimental evidence for GCR fluxes. ISO 15390:2004 establishes the model parameters and characteristics of variations in the 10 1 MeV to 10 5 MeV GCR particles (electrons, protons, and Z = 2 to 92 nuclei in the near-Earth space beyond the Earth's magnetosphere).
