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Sampling

Sampling particle testing standards are published by ISO. They cover sampling and sample splitting for the determination of particulate properties, solid chemical products in the form of particles varying from powders to coarse lumps, and dispersing procedures for powders in liquids.

ISO 14488:2007

Particulate materials - Sampling and sample splitting for the determination of particulate properties

ISO 14488:2007 specifies methods for obtaining a test sample from a defined bulk of particulate material (powder, paste, suspension or dust) that can be considered to be representative of that bulk with a defined confidence level. It is particularly relevant to the measurement of particle size, size distribution and surface area.

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ISO 8213:1986

Chemical products for industrial use -- Sampling techniques -- Solid chemical products in the form of particles varying from powders to coarse lumps

From the lot to be sampled a certain number of increments is taken. The increments are mixed to form either a bulk sample or several primary samples, depending on the purposes of the sampling. By means of replicate reductions a reduced sample is prepared from the bulk sample or from each primary sample, then several laboratory samples, each stage of the division being preceded in each case by blending and, if necessary, by grinding and sieving the product. This International Standard is applicable to products with a maximum particle size of 100 mm.

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ISO 14887:2000

Sample preparation -- Dispersing procedures for powders in liquids

This International Standard was developed to help particle size analysts make good dispersions from powder/liquid combinations with which they are not experienced. It provides procedures for wetting a powder into a liquid; deagglomerating the wetted clumps; determining if solution composition can be adjusted to prevent reagglomeration; selecting dispersing agents to prevent reagglomeration; evaluating the stability of the dispersion against reagglomeration. This International Standard is applicable to particles ranging in size from approximately 0,05 to 100 m. It provides a series of questions on the nature of the powder and liquid involved. The answers are used with charts that guide the user to generic dispersing agents that are likely to be suitable for dispersing the powder in the liquid. This International Standard applies only to the preparation of simple, dilute dispersions (less than 1 % by volume solids) for particle size analysis. It does not deal with the formulation of complex and commercial mixtures highly loaded with solids, such as paints, inks, pharmaceuticals, herbicides and composite plastics.

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