CSA C22.2 No. 149-1972 (R2017)

Electrically Operated Toys

Scope

1.1
This Standard applies to household electric toys operating at nominal potentials of 120 volts or less, including extra low potential, and intended for use in ordinary (ie, non-hazardous) locations as defined in the Canadian Electrical Code Part I.

1.2
This Standard does not apply to battery operated toys:

(a) having a battery of a non-rechargeable (primary) type; and

(b) having a battery of a rechargeable (secondary) type which must be removed from the toy for recharging.

1.3
This Standard does not apply to wood burning tools or similar burning devices.

ASTM F963-23

Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety

1.1 This specification 2 relates to possible hazards that may not be recognized readily by the public and that may be encountered in the normal use for which a toy is intended or after reasonably foreseeable abuse. It does not purport to cover every conceivable hazard of a particular toy. This specification does not cover product performance or quality, except as related to safety. Except for the labeling requirements pointing out the functional hazards and age range for which the toy is intended, this specification has no requirements for those aspects of a toy that present an inherent and recognized hazard as part of the function of the toy. Such an example is a sharp point necessary for the function of a needle. The needle is an inherent hazard that is well understood by the purchaser of a toy sewing kit, and this hazard is communicated to the user as part of the normal educational process. 1.2 On the other hand, while a riding toy has inherent hazards associated with its use (for example, falling off onto the sidewalk), the possible hazards associated with its construction (sharp edges, exposed mechanisms, etc.) will be minimized by the application of this specification. 1.3 This specification covers requirements and contains test methods for toys intended for use by children under 14 years of age. Different age limits for various requirements will be found in this specification. These limits reflect the nature of the hazards and expected mental or physical ability, or both, of a child to cope with the hazards. 1.4 Articles not covered by this specification are as follows: Bicycles Tricycles Non-Powered Scooters (see Consumer Safety Specification F2264 ) Recreational Powered Scooters and Pocket Bikes (see Consumer Safety Specification F2641 ) Sling shots and sharp-pointed darts Playground equipment Non-powder guns Kites Hobby and craft items in which the finished item is not primarily of play value Model kits in which the finished item is not primarily of play value Crayons, paints, chalks, and other similar art materials in which the material itself or the finished item is not primarily of play value, except that all art materials, whether or not a component of a toy, shall comply with LHAMA, in accordance with 4.29.1 – 4.29.3 . Sporting goods, camping goods, athletic equipment, musical instruments, juvenile products, and furniture; however, toys that are their counterparts are covered. (It is recognized that there is often a fine line between, for example, a musical instrument or a sporting item and its toy counterpart. The intention of the producer or distributor, as well as normal use and reasonably foreseeable abuse, determines whether the item is a toy counterpart.) Powered models of aircraft, rockets, boats, and land vehicles; however, toys that are their counterparts are covered. Constant air inflatables 1.5 General guidelines for age labeling toys and toy packaging are contained in Annex A1 . 1.6 Information regarding packaging and shipping is contained in Annex A2 . 1.7 This consumer safety specification includes the following sections: Title Section Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Safety Requirements 4 Material Quality 4.1 Flammability 4.2 Toxicology 4.3 Electrical/Thermal Energy 4.4 Sound-producing Toys 4.5 Small Objects 4.6 Accessible Edges 4.7 Projections 4.8 Accessible Points 4.9 Wires or Rods 4.10 Nails and Fasteners 4.11 Plastic Film 4.12 Folding Mechanisms and Hinges 4.13 Cords, Straps, and Elastics 4.14 Stability and Over-load Requirements 4.15 Confined Spaces 4.16 Wheels, Tires, and Axles 4.17 Holes, Clearance, and Accessibility of Mechanisms 4.18 Simulated Protective Devices 4.19 Pacifiers 4.20 Projectile Toys 4.21 Teethers and Teething Toys 4.22 Rattles 4.23 Squeeze Toys 4.24 Battery-operated Toys 4.25 Toys Intended to be Attached to a Crib or Playpen 4.26 Stuffed and Beanbag-type Toys 4.27 Stroller and Carriage Toys 4.28 Art Materials 4.29 Toy Gun Marking 4.30 Balloons 4.31 Certain Toys with Nearly Spherical Ends 4.32 Marbles 4.33 Balls 4.34 Pompoms 4.35 Hemispheric-shaped Objects 4.36 Yo Yo Elastic Tether Toys 4.37 Magnets 4.38 Jaw Entrapment in Handles and Steering Wheels 4.39 Expanding Materials 4.40 Toy Chests 4.41 Labeling Requirements 5 Instructional Literature 6 Producer's Markings 7 Test Methods 8 General 8.1 Testing for Hazardous Substance Content 8.2 Test Methods for Determination of Heavy Element Content in Toys, Toy Components, and Materials 8.3 Tests for Cleanliness and Preservative Effectiveness 8.4 Normal Use Testing 8.5 Abuse Testing 8.6 Impact Tests 8.7 Torque Tests for Removal of Components 8.8 Tension Test for Removal of Components 8.9 Compression Test 8.10 Tests for Tire Removal and Snap-in Wheel and Axle Assembly Removal 8.11 Flexure Test 8.12 Test for Mouth-actuated Toys and Mouth-actuated Projectile Toys 8.13 Projectiles 8.14 Test for Stability of Ride-on Toys or Toy Seats 8.15 Pompoms 8.16 Stalled Motor Test for Battery-operated Toys 8.17 Tests for Battery-Powered Ride-on Toys 8.18 Test for Toys that Contain Secondary Cells or Batteries 8.19 Tests for Toys which Produce Sound 8.20 Dynamic Strength Test for Wheeled Ride-on Toys 8.21 Plastic Film Thickness 8.22 Test for Loops and Cords 8.23 Yo Yo Elastic Tether Toy Test Methods 8.24 Magnet Test Methods 8.25 Test Methods for Locking Mechanisms or Other Means 8.26 Tests for Toy Chest Lids and Closures 8.27 Test for Overload of Ride-on Toys and Toy Seats 8.28 Stuffing Materials Evaluation 8.29 Expanding Materials – Test Method 8.30 Identification 9 Age Grading Guidelines Annex A1 Packaging and Shipping Annex A2 Design Guidelines for Toys Attached to Cribs or Playpens Annex A3 Design Guidelines for Bath Toy Projections Annex A4 Flammability Testing Procedure for Solids and Soft Toys Annex A5 Flammability Testing Procedure for Fabrics Annex A6 Compositing Procedure for Total Heavy Metal Analysis Annex A7 Design Guidelines for Battery Operated Toys Annex A8 Rationale for 2007 Revisions Annex A9 Rationale for 2008 Revisions Annex A10 Rationale for 2011 Revisions Annex A11 Rationale for 2016 Revisions Annex A12 Rationale for 2017 Revisions Annex A13 Rationale for 2023 Revisions Annex A14 1.8 The values stated first are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.9 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8 , of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ISO 8124-1:2022

Safety of toys - Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties

The requirements in this document apply to all toys, i.e. any product designed or clearly intended for use in play by children under 14 years of age. They are applicable to a toy as it is initially received by the consumer and, in addition, they apply after a toy is subjected to reasonably foreseeable conditions of normal use and abuse unless specifically noted otherwise.

 

The requirements of this document specify acceptable criteria for structural characteristics of toys, such as shape, size, contour, spacing (e.g. rattles, small parts, sharp points and edges, and hinge-line clearances) as well as acceptable criteria for properties peculiar to certain categories of toy (e.g. maximum kinetic energy values for non-resilient-tipped projectiles and minimum tip angles for certain ride-on toys).

 

This document specifies requirements and test methods for toys intended for use by children in various age groups from birth to 14 years. The requirements vary according to the age group for which a particular toy is intended. The requirements for a particular age group reflect the nature of the hazards and the expected mental and/or physical abilities of a child to cope with them.

 

This document also requires that appropriate warnings and/or instructions for use be given on certain toys or their packaging. Due to linguistic problems which may occur in different countries, the wording of these warnings and instructions is not specified but given as general information in Annex B. It should be noted that different legal requirements exist in many countries with regard to such marking.

 

This document does not purport to cover or include every conceivable potential hazard of a particular toy or toy category. Except for labelling requirements indicating the functional hazards and the age range for which the toy is intended, this document has no requirements for those characteristics of toys which represent an inherent and recognized hazard which is integral to the function of the toy.

 

EXAMPLE 1   An example of such a hazard is the sharp point necessary for the proper function of a needle. The needle is a hazard which is well understood by the purchaser of a toy sewing kit, and the functional sharp-point hazard is communicated to the user as part of the normal educational process of learning to sew as well as at the point of purchase by means of cautionary labelling on the product's packaging.

 

EXAMPLE 2   As a further example, a two-wheeled toy scooter has inherent and recognized hazards associated with its use (e.g. instability during use, especially while learning). The potential hazards associated with its structural characteristics (e.g. sharp edges, pinch hazards) will be minimized by conformity to the requirements of this document.

 

Products not included within the scope of this document are:

 

a) bicycles, except for those considered to be toys, i.e. those having a maximum saddle height of 435 mm (see 1);

 

b) slingshots;

 

NOTE 1   “Slingshots” are also known as “catapults” and are usually held in the hand; examples are given in Figure 1. Toy versions of medieval catapults and trebuchets are not exempt from this document; an example is given in Figure 2.

 

c) darts with metal points;

 

d) public playground equipment;

 

e) compressed air- and gas-operated guns and pistols (see 1);

 

f) kites (except for the electric resistance of their strings, which is included);

 

g) model kits, hobby and craft items, in which the finished item is not primarily of play value;

 

h) sporting goods and equipment, camping goods, athletic equipment, musical instruments and furniture; however, toys which are their counterparts are included;

 

NOTE 2   It is recognized that there is often a fine distinction between, for example, a musical instrument or a sporting item and its toy counterpart. The intention of the manufacturer or distributor, as well as normal use and reasonably foreseeable abuse, determines whether the item is a toy counterpart or not.

 

i) models of aircraft, rockets, boats and land vehicles powered by combustion engines; however, toys which are their counterparts are included (see 1);

 

j) collectible products not intended for children under 14 years of age;

 

k) holiday decorations that are primarily intended for ornamental purposes;

 

l) aquatic equipment intended to be used in deep water;

 

m) swimming-learning devices and flotation aids for children, such as swim-seats and swim-aids;

 

n) toys installed in public places (e.g. arcades and shopping centres);

 

o) puzzles for specialists, for example those with more than 500 pieces and those without a picture;

 

p) fireworks, including percussion caps, except percussion caps specifically designed for toys;

 

q) products containing heating elements intended for use under the supervision of an adult in a teaching context;

 

r) steam engines;

 

s) video toys that can be connected to a video screen and operated at a nominal voltage greater than 24 V;

 

t) babies' pacifiers (dummies);

 

u) faithful reproductions of firearms;

 

v) electric ovens, irons or other functional products operated at a nominal voltage greater than 24 V;

 

w) bows for archery with an overall relaxed length exceeding 120 cm;

 

x) fashion jewellery for children (see 1).

ISO 8124-3:2020

Safety of toys - Part 3: Migration of certain elements

1.1 This document specifies maximum acceptable levels and methods of sampling, extraction and determination for the migration of the elements antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury and selenium from toy materials and from parts of toys.

1.2 Maximum acceptable levels are specified for the migration of the elements listed in 1.1 from the following toy materials:

— coatings of paints, varnishes, lacquers, printing inks, polymers and similar coatings (see 9.1);

— polymeric and similar material, including laminates, whether textile-reinforced or not, but excluding other textiles and non-woven textiles (see 9.2);

— paper and paperboard (see 9.3);

— natural, artificial or synthetic textiles (see 9.4);

— glass/ceramic/metallic materials, excepting lead solder when used for electrical connections (see 9.5);

— other materials, whether mass-coloured or not (e.g. wood, fibreboard, hardboard, bone and leather) (see 9.6);

— materials intended to leave a trace (e.g. the graphite materials in pencils and liquid ink in pens) (see 9.7);

— pliable modelling materials, including modelling clays and gels (see 9.8);

— paints to be used as such in the toy, including finger paints, varnishes, lacquers, glazing powders and similar material in solid or liquid form (see 9.9).

1.3 The requirements in this document apply to the following toys and toy components of toys and toy materials (see D.2.1):

— all intended food and oral contact toys, cosmetic toys and writing instruments categorized as toys, irrespective of any age grading or recommended age labelling;

— all toys intended for or suitable for children under 72 months of age;

— accessible coatings, irrespective of any age grading or recommended age labelling;

— accessible liquids, pastes and gels (e.g. liquid paints, modelling compounds), irrespective of any age grading or recommended age labelling.

1.4 Packaging materials are not included, unless they are intended to be kept, for example boxes and containers, or unless they form part of the toy or have intended play value (see D.2.2).

NOTE No requirements are given for toys and parts of toys which, due to their accessibility, function, mass, size or other characteristics, are obviously unlikely to be sucked, licked or swallowed, bearing in mind the normal and foreseeable behaviour of children (e.g. the coating on the crossbeam of a swing set, the tyres of a toy bicycle).

ISO 8124-4:2025

Safety of toys - Part 4: Activity toys for domestic use

This document specifies requirements and test methods for activity toys for indoor and outdoor domestic family use intended for children under 14 years to play on or in. Products covered by this document include swings, slides, see-saws, carousels, rocking toys, climbing frames, toddler swing seats and other products often intended to bear the mass of one or more children. Products not included within the scope of this document are: a) fitness and sporting equipment unless attached to the activity toy; b) equipment intended for use in schools, daycare centres, kindergartens, public playgrounds, restaurants, shopping centres and similar public places; c) juvenile care products such as, but not limited to, infant swings, playpens/enclosures, beds or furniture including picnic tables, cradle rockers and products specifically designed for therapeutic use; d) pools with maximum depth of water over 400 mm measured, between the overflow level and the deepest point within the pool. Inflatable activity toys are included in the scope of this document. However, a powered blower used to continuously inflate the toy is not covered by this document. Such equipment is considered to be a household appliance and is covered by requirements given in IEC 60335-2-80. [ REF Reference_ref_8 \r \h 5 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000100000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F0038000000 ]

ISO 8124-5:2015

Safety of toys - Part 5: Determination of total concentration of certain elements in toys

ISO 8124-5:2015 specifies methods of sampling and digestion prior to analysis of the total concentration of the elements antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium from toy materials and from parts of toys.

Digestion methods for the elements mentioned above are specified for the following types of toy materials:

• coatings of paints, varnishes, lacquers, printing inks, polymers, and similar coatings;
• polymeric and similar materials, including laminates, whether textile-reinforced or not, but excluding other textiles;
• paper, paperboard, and cardboard;
• natural or synthetic textiles;
• metallic materials whether coated or not;
• other materials, whether mass-coloured or not (e.g. wood, fibreboard, hardboard, bone, and leather);
• materials intended to leave a trace (e.g. the graphite materials in pencils and liquid ink in pens);
• pliable modelling materials, including modelling clays and gels;
• paints to be used as such in the toy, including finger paints, varnishes, lacquers, and similar materials in solid or liquid form;
• packaging materials that form part of the toy or have intended play value.

ISO 8124-6:2023

Safety of toys - Part 6: Certain phthalate esters

This document specifies a method standard for the determination of di- iso -butyl phthalate (DIBP), di- n -butyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl-butyl phthalate (BBP), bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di- n -octyl phthalate (DNOP), di-iso-nonyl phthalate (DINP) and di-iso-decyl phthalate (DIDP) in toys. It can also be applied to other phthalate esters (see G.2) if adequate validation is demonstrated. This document applies to toys made of plastics, textiles, coatings and liquids. This document has been validated for polyvinylchloride (PVC) and polyurethane (PU) plastics and some representative paint coatings (see Annex B). This document can also be applied to other product categories.

ISO 8124-7:2015

Safety of toys - Part 7: Requirements and test methods for finger paints

ISO 8124-7:2015 specifies requirements for the substances and materials used in finger paints. It is applicable to finger paints only.

It is not applicable to paints intended to be applied to the face or body e.g. face paints.

Additional requirements are specified for markings, labelling and containers.

AS/NZS 8124.6:2016

Safety of toys - Swings, slides and similar activity toys for indoor and outdoor family domestic use (ISO 8124-4:2014, MOD) (FOREIGN STANDARD)

Adopts ISO 8124-4, which provides requirements to minimize the risk from certain specific hazards associated with the referenced products when used in a domestic environment.

ISO 8124-10:2023

Safety of toys - Part 10: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities

This document specifies requirements for the maximum amount and, in some cases, the maximum concentration of certain substances and mixtures used in experimental sets for chemistry and related activities. These substances and mixtures are: — those classified as dangerous by the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS); [ 3 ] — substances and mixtures which in excessive amounts could harm the health of the children using them and which are not classified as dangerous by the GHS; — any other chemical substance(s) and mixture(s) delivered with the experimental set. This document applies to experimental sets for chemistry and related activities, including chemistry sets, crystal-growing sets, carbon-dioxide-generating experimental sets and supplementary sets. This document also specifies requirements for marking, a contents list, instructions for use, eye protection and the equipment intended for carrying out the experiments. This document does not apply to combined sets, for example a combination of a chemistry set and a crystal-growing set. Requirements for certain other chemical toys are given in ISO 8124-11. See Clause A.1.

ISO 8124-11:2019

Safety of toys - Part 11: Chemical toys (sets) other than experimental sets

This document specifies requirements and test methods for the substances and materials used in chemical toys (sets) other than experimental sets. These substances and mixtures are:

— those classified as dangerous by the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)^[1];

— substances and mixtures which in excessive amounts could harm the health of the children using them and which are not classified as dangerous by the GHS; and

— any other chemical substance(s) and mixture(s) delivered with the chemical toy.

Additionally, requirements are specified for markings, warnings, safety rules, contents lists, instructions for use and first aid information.

This document applies to:

— plaster of Paris (gypsum) moulding sets;

— oven-hardening plasticised PVC modelling clay sets;

— polystyrene granules sets;

— embedding sets;

— adhesives, paints, lacquers, varnishes, thinners and cleaning agents (solvents) supplied or recommended in model sets.