AWS A5.23/A5.23M:2025

Specification for Low-Alloy and High Manganese Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding

This specification provides requirements for the classification of solid and composite carbon steel, low-alloy steel, and high manganese steel electrodes and fluxes for submerged arc welding. Electrode classification is based on chemical composition of the electrode for solid electrodes, and chemical composition of the weld metal for composite electrodes. Fluxes may be classified using a multiple-pass classification system or a two-run classification system, or both, under this specification. Multiple-pass classification is based on the mechanical properties and the deposit composition of weld metal produced with the flux and an electrode classified herein. Two run classification is based upon mechanical properties only. Additional requirements are included for sizes, marking, manufacturing, and packaging. The form and usability of the flux are also included. A guide is appended to the specification as a source of information concerning the classification system employed and the intended use of submerged arc fluxes and electrodes. This specification makes use of both U.S. Customary Units and the International System of Units (SI). Since these are not equivalent, each system must be used independently of the other.