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The Acoustical Society of America (ASA)’s animal acoustics standards S3/SC1 series, which address the thresholds that machinery must pass to have minimal impact of animal life in the surrounding area. Two of the listed standards cover sound exposure guidelines for marine life, and one other covers the levels of residual sound that need to be kept in residential and natural areas.
This standard specifies measurement procedures for characterizing residual sound levels in protected natural areas and quiet residential areas.
This Technical Report presents the outcome of a Working Group that was established to determine broadly applicable sound exposure guidelines for fishes and sea turtles. After consideration of the diversity of fish and sea turtles, guidelines were developed for broad groups of animals, defined by the way they detect sound. Different sound sources were considered in terms of their acoustic characteristics and appropriate metrics defined for measurement of the received levels. The resultant sound exposure guidelines are presented in a set of tables. In some cases numerical guidelines are provided, expressed in appropriate metrics. When there were insufficient data to support numerical values, the relative likelihood of effects occurring was evaluated, although the actual likelihood of effects depends on the received level. These sound exposure guidelines, which are based on the best scientific information at the time of writing, should be treated as interim. The expectation is that with more research, the guidelines can be refined and more cells in the tables completed. Recommendations are put forward defining the research requirements of highest priority for extending these interim exposure guidelines.
This standard describes measurement procedures for obtaining audiograms in odontocete cetaceans (i.e., toothed whales) via evoked potential methods, specifically by generation of the auditory steady-state response (ASSR). Methods are specified for the use of sinusoidally amplitude-modulated (SAM) tones and trains of tone bursts. It further establishes standards for reporting data collection methods, analyses, and hearing thresholds.