Safety Standards for Agricultural Machinery
Safety standards for agricultural machinery address a wide range of different types of machinery with the multi-part ISO 4254 series, with further information provided by other ISO standards. Most of the standards presented here are focused on individual agricultural machines, intended for use with more generalized standards such as ISO 4254-1, to provide a detailed look into the safety considerations of each piece of agricultural machinery.
ISO 4254-1:2013
Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
ISO 4254-1:2013 specifies the safety requirements and the means of their verification for the design and construction of self-propelled ride-on machines, mounted, semi-mounted and trailed machines used in agriculture in order to deal with the hazards which are typical for most of the machines. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices including information about residual risks to be provided by the manufacturer. This document deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to this agricultural machinery when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse foreseeable by the manufacturer during normal operation and service. ISO 4254-1:2013 is not applicable to ? agricultural or forestry tractors, ? aircraft and air-cushion vehicles used in agriculture, ? lawn and garden equipment, ? machine-specific components or functions (e.g. working tools and/or processes). ISO 4254-1:2013 is not applicable to hazards related to periodic service, machine conversion and repairs intended to be carried out by professional service personnel, environmental hazards, road safety (e.g. steering, braking), or to the power take-off (PTO) drive shaft; neither is it applicable to guards of moving parts for power transmission except for strength requirements for guards and barriers. ISO 4254-1:2013 is not applicable to machines which are manufactured before the date of its publication. Not all of the hazards dealt with by ISO 4254-1:2013 are necessarily present on a particular machine. A risk assessment should be carried out by the manufacturer to determine the hazards that are applicable and any hazards in addition to those dealt with by this part or a relevant machine-specific part. The requirements of a machine-specific part of ISO 4254 take precedence over the requirements of this part.
ISO 4254-5:2018
Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 5: Power-driven soil-working machines
ISO 4254-5:2018, intended to be used together with ISO 4254 1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of mounted, semi-mounted and trailed power-driven soil-working machines used in agriculture. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices (including residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer. ISO 4254-5:2018 deals with significant hazards (as listed in Annex A), hazardous situations and events relevant to power-driven soil-working machines used as intended and under the conditions foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). ISO 4254-5:2018 is not applicable to - spading machines, and - machines fitted with a retractable device making them capable of working between two successive plants in the same row. ISO 4254-5:2018 is not applicable to environmental hazards. It is not applicable to hazards related to moving parts for power transmission (except for strength requirements for guards and barriers) or to maintenance or repairs carried out by professional service personnel. NOTE 1 Specific requirements related to road traffic regulations are not taken into account in this document. NOTE 2 Vibrations are not regarded as a significant hazard in the case of mounted, semi-mounted or trailed machines. ISO 4254-5:2018 is not applicable to power-driven soil-working machines which are manufactured before the date of its publication. When requirements of this document are different from those which are stated in ISO 4254 1, the requirements of this document take precedence over the requirements of ISO 4254 1 for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this document.
ISO 4254-6:2020
Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 6: Sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors
This document, to be used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of mounted, semi-mounted, trailed and self-propelled agricultural sprayers for use with plant protection products (PPP) and liquid fertilizer application, as placed on the market by the manufacturer and designed for a single operator only. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices (including residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer. When requirements of this document are different from those which are stated in ISO 4254-1, the requirements of this document take precedence over the requirements of ISO 4254-1 for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this document. This document, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A), excepting the hazards arising from: protection of the driver against spray when spraying (see Foreword); automatically actuated height adjustment systems; the environment, other than noise; moving parts for power transmission except strength requirements for guards and barriers. This document is not applicable to sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document.
ISO 4254-7:2017
Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 7: Combine harvesters, forage harvesters, cotton harvesters and sugar cane harvesters
ISO 4254-7:2017, when used together with ISO 4254 1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of combine harvesters, forage harvesters, cotton harvesters and sugar cane harvesters. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. When provisions of ISO 4254-7:2017 are different from those which are stated in ISO 4254 1, the provisions of ISO 4254-7:2017 take precedence over the provisions of ISO 4254 1 for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of ISO 4254-7:2017. ISO 4254-7:2017, taken together with ISO 4254 1, deals with all the significant hazards (as listed in Table A.1), hazardous situations and events relevant to combine harvesters, forage harvesters, cotton harvesters and sugar cane harvesters, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse that are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A). It is not applicable to hazards arising from the presence of persons other than the operator, cleaning of the grain tank, and hazards related to vibrations and moving parts for power transmission, except for strength requirements for guards and barriers. In respect of braking and steering, it is applicable only to the ergonomic aspects (e.g. location of brake pedal and steering wheel); no other aspects related to braking and steering are covered. In the case of trailed harvesters, it is applicable only to hazards related to the working process. Design requirements for roll-over protective structures (if applicable) are not specified in ISO 4254-7:2017. Performance levels (or categories) for safety-related parts of control systems in accordance with ISO 25119 or ISO 13849 are not given in ISO 4254-7:2017. NOTE Specific requirements related to road traffic regulations are not taken into account in ISO 4254-7:2017. ISO 4254-7:2017 is not applicable to machines manufactured before the date of its publication.
ISO 4254-8:2018
Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 8: Solid fertilizer distributors
ISO 4254-8:2018, intended to be used together with ISO 4254 1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of mounted, semi-mounted, trailed or self-propelled fertilizer distributors for solid fertilizer application in agriculture and to be used by one operator only, e.g. full width solid fertilizer distributors, solid fertilizer broadcasters, distributors with oscillating tube and line-distributors, as well as solid fertilizer distributors driven by an auxiliary engine. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices (including residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer. ISO 4254-8:2018 deals with all the significant hazards (as listed in Annex A), hazardous situations and events relevant to solid fertilizer distributors, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4), excepting the hazards arising from: - inadequate lighting of working area; - inadequate visibility from drivers/operators position; - inadequate seating; - travelling functions (drive, braking etc.); - rolling over; - equipment for loading fertilizer into the machine; - an auxiliary engine; - moving parts for power transmission except for strength requirements for guards. ISO 4254-8:2018 is neither applicable to maintenance or repairs carried out by professional service personnel nor to environmental hazards (except noise). ISO 4254-8:2018 is not applicable to the following: - combined seed and fertilizer drills which create a soil trench and deposit fertilizer in said trench; - machines for distributing granulated pesticides; - pedestrian controlled distributors; - knapsack distributors. ISO 4254-8:2018 is not applicable to solid fertilizer distributors which are manufactured before the date of its publication. When requirements of this document are different from those which are stated in ISO 4254 1, the requirements of this document take precedence over the requirements of ISO 4254 1 for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this document.
ISO 4254-9:2018
Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 9: Seed drills
This document, intended to be used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements, and their verification for design and construction of mounted, semi-mounted, trailed or self-propelled seed drills, including the seeding function of combined seed and fertilizer drills, and seed drills with integrated and inseparable powered soil-working tools used in agriculture. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices (including residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer. This document is also applicable to seeding systems where components for seed deposition in the soil, for seed metering and for seed storage are distributed between two or more linked vehicles. This document deals with all significant hazards (as listed in Annex A), hazardous situations and events relevant to seed drills, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse foreseeable by the manufacturer, excepting the hazards arising from electrostatic phenomena, external influences on electrical equipment, failure of energy supply, failure and/or malfunction of the control system, inadequate visibility from drivers'/operators' position, travelling functions (drive, braking, etc.), break down of parts rotating at high speed, equipment for loading seeds (and fertilizer), and moving parts for power transmission except for strength requirements for guards. This document is not applicable to fertilizer distributors designed only for solid fertilizer application (covered in ISO 4254-8), maintenance or repairs carried out by professional service personnel, or to environmental hazards (except noise), and to seed drills which are manufactured before the date of its publication. When requirements of this document are different from those which are stated in ISO 4254-1, the requirements of this document take precedence over the requirements of ISO 4254-1 for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this document.
ISO 4254-10:2009
Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 10: Rotary tedders and rakes
ISO 4254-10:2009, to be used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of rotary tedders, rotary rakes and rotary tedder rakes, including rotary drum rakes, used by one person (the operator) only, having one or several powered rotors, mounted, semi-mounted, trailed or self-propelled. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices, including residual risks, to be provided by the manufacturer. ISO 4254-10:2009 is not applicable to: machines with ground driven tines or ground wheel driven tines (e.g. sunflower rakes); parallel bar rakes; chain or endless belt type rakes; pedestrian controlled tedders and rakes; machines equipped with a pick-up device. ISO 4254-10:2009, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to rotary tedders, rotary rakes and rotary tedder rakes when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer, excepting the hazards arising from: the environment, other than noise; electromagnetic compatibility; vibration; overturning in regard to the protection of the operator at the driving station of a self-propelled machine; moving parts for power transmission except strength requirements for guards and barriers; safety and reliability of control systems.
ISO 4254-11:2010
Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 11: Pick-up balers
ISO 4254-11:2010, intended to be used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of self-propelled and trailed pick-up balers, including the combination of pick-up balers with wrappers, independent of the shape or size of the bales formed. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. ISO 4254-11:2010, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to self-propelled and trailed pick-up balers, including the combination of pick-up balers with wrappers, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse that are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. ISO 4254-11:2010 is not applicable to pedestrian-controlled round balers, environmental hazards, road safety, vibration and hazards related to moving parts for power transmission. It is not applicable to hazards related to maintenance or repairs carried out by professional service personnel.
ISO 4254-12:2012
Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 12: Rotary disc and drum mowers and flail mowers
ISO 4254-12:2012, where used with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of rotary disc mowers, rotary drum mowers, as used for forage crop harvesting in agriculture only, and flail mowers with a horizontal axis for use in agriculture only, that are mounted, semi-mounted, trailed or self-propelled. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. Flail mowers with a horizontal axis that can be opened at the rear only for maintenance reasons are included. ISO 4254-12:2012 is also applicable to mowers equipped with a conditioning device and only to mowers intended to work at ground level. ISO 4254-12:2012, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events (with the exception of noise and vibrations) relevant to rotary disc mowers, rotary drum mowers and flail mowers, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse that are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It is not applicable to flail mowers that have the rear part which can be opened for particular field use operations, mowers with an articulated arm, mowers with one or more vertical axes designed for mulching, pedestrian-controlled motor mowers, lawn mowers, inter-row mowing units and machines specifically designed for highway and road maintenance.
ISO 4254-13:2012
Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 13: Large rotary mowers
ISO 4254-13:2012, when used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of towed, semi-mounted, or mounted large rotary mowers with single or multiple cutting elements which have a cutting diameter of 1 000 mm or greater for any single cutting element assembly, mounted on a propelling tractor or machine, intended for agricultural mowing equipment and designed for shredding crop residue, grass and small brush by impact. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use and reasonable foreseeable misuse of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. When requirements of this part of ISO 4254 are different from those which are stated in ISO 4254-1, the requirements of ISO 4254-13:2012 take precedence over the provisions of ISO 4254-1 for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this part of ISO 4254. ISO 4254-13:2012, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to large rotary mowers used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer. ISO 4254-13:2012 is not applicable to environmental hazards, road safety, electromagnetic compatibility, vibration and hazards related to moving parts for power transmission. It is also not applicable to hazards related to maintenance or repairs to be carried out by professional service personnel. ISO 4254-13:2012 is not applicable to large rotary mowers which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by ISO.
ISO 16230-1:2015
Agricultural machinery and tractors - Safety of higher voltage electrical and electronic components and systems - Part 1: General requirements
ISO 16230-1:2015 is applicable to tractors and self-propelled ride-on machines, mounted implements, and towed implements used in agriculture and forestry. This part of ISO 16230 specifies general requirements that relate to the protection and safety of operators and bystanders on machines with on-board voltages in the range of 50 V AC to 1000 V AC and 75 V DC to 1500 V DC. This part of ISO 16230 applies to electrical equipment and parts of the electrical equipment on such machines and includes general requirements related to the protection and safety of operators, bystanders, and first responders. ISO 16230-1:2015 deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations, and events, as listed in Annex A, relevant to this agricultural machinery when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse foreseeable by the manufacturer during normal operation and service. ISO 16230-1:2015 is not applicable to the following: - specific design elements of external interfaces (e.g. the interface between a tractor and implement); - externally powered equipment (e.g. line powered equipment, equipment without on-board power generation); - purpose built forestry machines; - stationary electrical generators. ISO 16230-1:2015 is not applicable to machines which are manufactured before the date of its publication.
ISO 11806-1:2011
Agricultural and forestry machinery - Safety requirements and testing for portable, hand-held, powered brush-cutters and grass-trimmers - Part 1: Machines fitted with an integral combustion engine
ISO 11806-1:2011 gives safety requirements and measures for their verification for the design and construction of portable hand-held, powered brush-cutters and grass-trimmers (hereafter called machines) having an integral combustion engine as their power unit and mechanical power transmission between the power source and the cutting attachment. Methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the use of these machines and the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer are specified. ISO 11806-1:2011 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events relevant to these machines, as well as when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. ISO 11806-1:2011 is not applicable to machines equipped with metallic cutting attachments consisting of more than one piece, e.g. pivoting chains or flail blades. ISO 11806-1:2011 is applicable to portable, hand-held, powered brush-cutters and grass-trimmers manufactured after its date of publication.
ISO 11806-2:2022
Agricultural and forestry machinery - Safety requirements and testing for portable, hand-held, powered brush-cutters and grass-trimmers - Part 2: Machines for use with backpack power unit
This document specifies safety requirements, and measures for their verification, for the design and construction of portable, hand-held, powered brush-cutters and grass-trimmers with a backpack-mounted combustion engine power source and mechanical power transmission between the power source and the cutting attachment (hereafter referred to as “machine”). Methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the use of these machines and the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer are specified. This document, taken together with the relevant clauses of ISO 11806-1:2021 (see 4.1), deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events, with the exception of whole-body vibration from the backpack power unit, relevant to these machines when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. NOTE 1 A standardized test procedure for measuring whole-body vibration from the backpack power unit is not available at the time of publication. NOTE 2 See Annex A, together with ISO 11806-1:2021, Annex A, for a list of significant hazards. This document is applicable to portable, hand-held, powered brush-cutters and grass-trimmers manufactured after its date of publication. This document is not applicable to machines equipped with metallic cutting attachments consisting of more than one piece, such as pivoting chains or flail blades.
ISO 5008:2002
Agricultural wheeled tractors and field machinery - Measurement of whole-body vibration of the operator
ISO 5008 specifies methods for measuring and reporting the whole body vibration to which the operator of an agricultural wheeled tractor or other field machine is exposed when operating on a standard test track. The operating conditions of the machine and the ordinates of the artificial test tracks are also included. This International Standard does not include assessment of vibration reaching the operator other than through his/her seat or foot platform (e.g., vibration that is sensed by the feet through the controls or by the hands through the steering wheel is not considered). The purpose of ISO 5008 is to define the specification of instruments, measurement procedures, measurement site characteristics and frequency weighting that will allow the whole body vibration of agricultural wheeled tractors and field machinery to be made and reported with acceptable precision.
ISO 2332:2009
Agricultural tractors and machinery - Connection of implements via three-point linkage - Clearance zone around implement
ISO 2332:2009 specifies the clearance zone to be maintained around an implement for attachment to the three-point linkage of an agricultural wheeled tractor. It is applicable to the connection of agricultural implements to three-point linkages complying with ISO 730, and also where implement couplers complying with ISO 11001 are used.
ISO 28139:2019
Equipment for crop protection - Knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers - Safety and environmental requirements and test methods
This document specifies safety requirements and their verification, environmental requirements and related test methods, and minimum performance limits, for the design and construction of knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers as defined in 3.9. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from their use. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. It addresses general operating parameters as well as the potential deposition of spray droplets under specified controlled conditions. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, excepting those arising from vibration transmitted to the back of the operator. It is applicable to knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Table A.1). It is not applicable to: hydraulic pressure sprayers; thermal sprayers; cold foggers; sprayers adapted for the application of dry material. It is not applicable to knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers manufactured before the date of its publication. The requirements of this document applies to products manufactured 18 months after publication.
