Acoustical Society of America Mechanical Vibration Standards

Acoustical Society of America Mechanical Vibration Standards

The Acoustical Society of America (ASA)’s mechanical vibration standards include the S2 series, which cover specifications to reduce the effects of rhythmic vibration on sensitive equipment and how to measure the intensity of such vibration. A popular standard series listed is the S2.80 subseries, which cover measurement of machine vibration in turbines as well as tolerances and ways to mitigate vibration to ensure longevity of such equipment.

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ASA/ANSI S2.16-1997 (R2024)

Vibratory Noise Measurements and Acceptance Criteria of Shipboard Equipment

This Standard contains guidelines for limiting the machinery and operating equipment vibration on board ships for the purposes of habitability and mechanical suitability. The mechanical suitability guidelines result in a suitable environment for installed equipment and precludes many major vibration problems, such as imbalance, misalignment, or other damage to the machinery and operating equipment. To obtain data to compare with the guidelines, this Standard also specifies data acquisition and processing procedures.

ASA/ANSI S2.20-1983 (R2025)

Estimating Air Blast Characteristics for Single Point Explosions in Air, with a Guide to Evaluation of Atmospheric Propagation and Effects

This standard provides consensus quantitative definitions of explosion characteristics for a single point explosion in air, along with methodologies for scaling these characteristics for a wide range of yield and ambient air conditions. Factors for use with common solid explosives are also included. Methods are provided for predictions of long-range propagation under atmospheric refractive influences. Target damage estimation procedures are provided for use in explosion operation planning and evaluation.

ASA/ANSI S2.21-1998 (R2025)

Method for Preparation of a Standard Material for Dynamic Mechanical Measurements

This Standard defines a method for preparing a standard viscoelastic material for comparison of different instruments and calibration of the same instrument.

ANSI/ASA S2.2-1959 (R2020)

Calibration of Shock and Vibration Pickups

This standard is designed to acquaint the user with the general principles of calibration of shock and vibration pickups and to describe concisely several standard methods which have proven to give reliable and reproducible results.

ASA/ANSI S2.22-1998 (R2025)

Resonance Method for Measuring the Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Viscoelastic Materials

This Standard defines a method for measuring the dynamic mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials using longitudinal resonance in a bar-shaped test sample. The dynamic mechanical properties are expressed in terms of the frequency dependence of Young’s modulus and loss factor at a given reference temperature. The Standard provides information for constructing such equipment and analyzing the results obtained.

ASA/ANSI S2.23-1998 (R2025)

Single Cantilever Beam Method for Measuring the Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Viscoelastic Materials

This Standard defines a method for measuring the dynamic mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials using a cantilever beam technique. The dynamic mechanical properties are expressed in terms of the frequency dependence of Young’s modulus and loss factor at a given reference temperature. The Standard provides information for constructing such equipment and analyzing the results obtained.

ASA/ANSI S2.24-2001 (R2025)

Graphical Presentation of the Complex Modulus of Viscoelastic Materials

This Standard specifies the procedure for generating a graphical presentation of the frequency and temperature dependence of the complex modulus of viscoelastic materials. This Standard is the National counterpart of ISO 10112, Damping materials - Graphical presentation of the complex modulus.

ASA/ANSI S2.25-2004 (R2025)

Guide for the Measurement, Reporting, and Evaluation of Hull and Superstructure Vibration in Ships

This standard contains guidelines for limiting the hull and superstructure vibration of ships for the purposes of habitability and mechanical suitability. The mechanical suitability guidelines result in a suitable environment for installed equipment and preclude many major vibration problems, such as unbalance, misalignment, and other damage to the propulsion system. To obtain data to compare with the guidelines, this standard also specifies data acquisition and processing procedures.

ASA/ANSI S2.26-2001 (R2025)

Vibration Testing Requirements and Acceptance Criteria for Shipboard Equipment

This Standard specifies the procedure for generating a graphical presentation of the frequency and temperature dependence of the complex modulus of viscoelastic materials. This Standard is the National counterpart of ISO 10112, Damping materials - Graphical presentation of the complex modulus.

ASA/ANSI S2.27-2002 (R2025)

Guidelines for the Measurement and Evaluation of Vibration of Ship Propulsion Machinery

This standard contains guidelines for the measurement and evaluation of vibration of ship propulsion systems including limits for acceptability. It is applicable to all ocean-going ships and inland vessels. Test conditions, instrumentation, data analysis and evaluation, and reporting requirements are described.

ASA/ANSI S2.31-1979 (R2025)

Methods for the Experimental Determination of Mechanical Mobility, Part 1: Basic Definitions and Transducers

This standard is the first part of a series of live standards covering the experimental determination of mechanical mobility of structures by a variety of methods appropriate for different test situations. The present Part I of this series covers basic concepts and definitions and serves as a guide for the selection, calibration, and evaluation of the transducers an instruments used in mobility measurements. The material in Part I is common to most mobility measurement tasks. This document supersedes ANSI Standard S2.6-1963 (R1976). The future parts of this series will cover specific mobility measurement situations such as the use of steady-state rectilinear excitation, steady-state torsional excitation, measurements of the entire mobility matrix using steady-state excitation, and mobility measurements using impact excitation, as well as other forcing functions which use Fourier transform techniques for data reduction.

ASA/ANSI S2.32-1982 (R2025)

Methods for the Experimental Determination of Mechanical Mobility, Part 2: Measurements Using Single-Point Translational Excitation

This nationally adopted international standard establishes general conditions and procedures for the measurement and evaluation of vibration using measurements made on rotating, non-rotating, and non-reciprocating parts of complete machines. It is applicable to measurements of both absolute and relative radial shaft vibration with regard to the monitoring of radial clearances, but excludes axial shaft vibration. The general evaluation criteria, which are presented in terms of both vibration magnitude and change of vibration, relate to both operational monitoring and acceptance testing. They have been provided primarily with regard to securing reliable, safe, long-term operation of the machine while minimizing adverse effects on associated equipment. Guidelines are also presented for setting operational limits.

ANSI/ASA S2.34-1984 (R2020)

Experimental Determination of Rotational Mobility Properties and the Complete Mobility Matrix

This guide delineates the methods and procedures which may be used to determine the structural mobility properties, translational and rotational, of a system of points on a structure. This guide is to be used for guidance only, since the state of the art is still in flux.

ASA/ANSI S2.4-1976 (R2025)

Method for Specifying the Characteristics of Auxiliary Analog Equipment for Shock and Vibration Measurements

This Standard defines a method for measuring the dynamic mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials using longitudinal resonance in a bar-shaped test sample. The dynamic mechanical properties are expressed in terms of the frequency dependence of Young’s modulus and loss factor at a given reference temperature. The Standard provides information for constructing such equipment and analyzing the results obtained.

ASA/ANSI S2.46-1989 (R2025)

Characteristics to be Specified for Seismic Transducers

This standard specifies the characteristics of a seismic transducer (pickup) which can serve as an adequate description of the capabilities of the pickup to perform a shock or vibration measurement in various environments. It is intended as a guide to instrument manufacturers for indicating the characteristics of their transducers that are critical in specifying, selecting, or preparing performance description by users. This standard is the national counterpart of ISO 8042-1988 Shock and Vibration Measurements--Characteristics to be Specified for Seismic Pick-ups.

ASA/ANSI S2.62-2009 (R2024)

Shock Test Requirements for Equipment in a Rugged Shock Environment

This American National Standard is to be used for testing equipment that will be subjected to shock. It defines test requirements and severity thresholds for a large range of shock environments, including but not limited to shipping, transport, and rugged operational environments. This standard will allow vendors to better market and users to more easily identify equipment that will operate or simply survive in rugged shock environments.

ASA/ANSI S2.80-2019/Part 1/ISO 20816-1-2016 (R2024)

Mechanical vibration - Measurement and evaluation of machine vibration - Part 1: General guidelines

This nationally adopted international standard establishes general conditions and procedures for the measurement and evaluation of vibration using measurements made on rotating, non-rotating, and nonreciprocating parts of complete machines. It is applicable to measurements of both absolute and relative radial shaft vibration with regard to the monitoring of radial clearances, but excludes axial shaft vibration. The general evaluation criteria, which are presented in terms of both vibration magnitude and change of vibration, relate to both operational monitoring and acceptance testing. They have been provided primarily with regard to securing reliable, safe, long-term operation of the machine while minimizing adverse effects on associated equipment. Guidelines are also presented for setting operational limits.

ASA/ANSI S2.80-2019/Part 2/ISO 20816-2-2017 (R2024)

Mechanical vibration - Measurement and evaluation of machine vibration - Part 2: Land-based gas turbines, steam turbines and generators in excess of 40 MW, with fluid-film  bearings and rated speeds of 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min and 3 600 r/min

This nationally adopted international standard is applicable to land-based gas turbines, steam turbines and generators (whether coupled with gas and/or steam turbines) with power outputs greater than 40 MW, fluid-film bearings and rated speeds of 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min or 3 600 r/min. The criteria provided in this document can be applied to the vibration of the gas turbine, steam turbine and generator (including synchronizing clutches). This document establishes provisions for evaluating the severity of the following in-situ, broad-band vibration: a) structural vibration at all main bearing housings or pedestals measured radial (i.e. transverse) to the shaft axis; b) structural vibration at thrust bearing housings measured in the axial direction; c) vibration of rotating shafts radial (i.e. transverse) to the shaft axis at, or close to, the main bearings.

ASA/ANSI S2.81-2019/Part 11/ISO 21940-11-2016 (R2024)

Mechanical vibration - Rotor balancing - Part 11: Procedures and tolerances for rotors with rigid behaviour

This nationally adopted international standard establishes procedures and unbalance tolerances for balancing rotors with rigid behaviour. It specifies a) the magnitude of the permissible residual unbalance, b) the necessary number of correction planes, c) the allocation of the permissible residual unbalance to the tolerance planes, and d) how to account for errors in the balancing process. This document does not cover the balancing of rotors with flexible behaviour. Procedures and tolerances for rotors with flexible behaviour are dealt with in ANSI/ASA S2.81/Part 12/ISO 21940-12.

ASA/ANSI S2.81-2019/Part 12/ISO 21940-12:2016 (R2024)

Mechanical vibration - Rotor balancing - Part 12: Procedures and tolerances for rotors with flexible behaviour

This nationally adopted international standard presents typical configurations of rotors with flexible behaviour in accordance with their characteristics and balancing requirements, describes balancing procedures, specifies methods of assessment of the final state of balance, and establishes guidelines for balance quality criteria. Can also serve as a basis for more involved investigations, e.g. when a more exact determination of the required balance quality is necessary. If due regard is paid to the specified methods of manufacture and balance tolerances, satisfactory running conditions can be expected. Is not intended to serve as an acceptance specification for any rotor, but rather to give indications of how to avoid gross deficiencies and unnecessarily restrictive requirements. Structural resonances and modifications thereof lie outside the scope of this document. The methods and criteria given are the result of experience with general industrial machinery. It is possible that they are not directly applicable to specialized equipment or to special circumstances. Therefore, in some cases, deviations from this document are possible.

ASA/ANSI S2.81-2019/Part 14/ISO 21940-14:2012 (R2024)

Mechanical vibration - Rotor balancing - Part 14: Procedures for assessing balance errors

This nationally adopted international standard specifies the requirements for identifying errors in the unbalance measuring process of a rotor; assessing the identified errors; taking the errors into account. Specifies balance acceptance criteria, in terms of residual unbalance, for both directly after balancing and for a subsequent check of the balance quality by the user. For the main typical errors, this document lists methods for their reduction in an informative annex. 

ASA/ANSI S2.81-2019/Part 2/ISO 21940-2-2017 (R2024)

Mechanical vibration - Rotor balancing - Part 2: Vocabulary

This nationally adopted international standard defines terms on balancing. It complements ANSI/ASA S2.1/ISO 2041, which is a general vocabulary on mechanical vibration and shock.

ASA/ANSI S2.8-2007 (R2025)

Technical Information Used for Resilient Mounting Applications (with erratum)

This standard establishes requirements to promote appropriate exchange of information regarding the application and selection of isolation for the reduction of vibrations generated by equipment and machines. It is beyond the scope of this standard to present characteristics of resilient mountings. Rather, it is intended to outline, in standardized form, what data should be presented to enable the experienced designer to apply resilient mountings correctly. Also, the standard defines terminology in a further effort to ease the problem of communication between user and manufacturer.

ASA/ANSI S2.9-2008 (R2023)

Parameters for Specifying Damping Properties of Materials and System Damping

This standard presents the required nomenclature to improve communications among the many technological fields concerned with material damping that are used for resilient mountings so there will be a clear understanding by both the user and the manufacturer. Since the intention of this standard is to encourage better communication between the manufacturer and the user, the material set forth herein should be regarded as a nomenclature for specifying damping properties of the resilient materials. It is intended to outline, in standardized form, what information should be presented to enable the experienced designer to apply them for selecting the resilient material for machine mountings correctly. Also, the standard defines terminology in a further effort to ease the problem of communication between user and manufacturer.

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