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Electrical Towing-Specific Connections

Electrical Connection standards for road vehicles focus on the dimensional characteristics of both on-board and towing electrical connectors. Also addressed in some standards are electrical characteristics, contact allocation, performance requirements, tests, and test requirements. Additionally, the interchange of digital information is covered by the ISO 11992 as it uses the electrical towing connections. These standards are related to the electrical connections between motor vehicles towing other vehicles.

ISO 11446-1:2012

Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles - Part 1: 13-pole connectors for vehicles with 12 V nominal supply voltage not intended to cross water fords

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ISO 11446-2:2012

Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles - Part 2: 13-pole connectors for vehicles with 12 V nominal supply voltage intended to cross water fords

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ISO 13044-2:2021

Road vehicles - Fully automatic coupling systems 24 V (FACS) for heavy commercial vehicle combinations - Part 2: Electrical and pneumatic interface for 50 mm fifth wheel couplings

This document specifies the mechanical, electrical/electronic and pneumatic characteristics of a fully automated fifth wheel coupling system to ensure interchangeability between a towing vehicle and a coupled semi-trailer(s) with 24 V nominal supply voltage. The two vehicles together constitute an articulated vehicle or are part of a vehicle combination. This document also supports the step-by-step introduction of fully automated fifth wheel coupling systems in the market. It specifies features necessary for mixed mode operation, i.e. the combination of a fully automated coupling system (FACS) equipped towing vehicle with a conventional semi-trailer, and vice versa, the combination of a conventional towing vehicle with a FACS-equipped semi-trailer.

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ISO 11992-1:2019

Road vehicles - Interchange of digital information on electrical connections between towing and towed vehicles - Part 1: Physical and data-link layers

This document describes the data link layer (DLL) and physical layer (PHY) for the two CAN-based network interfaces specified in the 11992-series. The DLL sub-clauses are composed of: DLL protocol entity requirements; DLL device interface requirements; and DLL network system requirements. Normally, the physical signalling sub-layer is implemented in the CAN protocol controller. The physical medium attachment sub-layer is normally implemented in the CAN transceiver or the System Base Chip (SBC). Optionally, it can comprise also additional protection circuitry. The media-dependent sub-layer comprises the connectors and the cabling. The physical signalling (PS) sub-clauses are composed of: PS entity requirements; PS device interface requirements; and PS network system requirements. The physical medium attachment (PMA) sub-clauses are composed of: PMA protocol entity requirements; and PMA device interface requirements. The physical medium dependent (PMD) sub-clauses are composed of: PMD entity requirements; PMD device interface requirements; and PMD network system requirements.

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ISO 11992-2:2014

Road vehicles - Interchange of digital information on electrical connections between towing and towed vehicles - Part 2: Application layer for brakes and running gear

ISO 11992-2:2014 specifies the parameters and messages for electronically controlled braking systems, including anti-lock braking systems (ABS) and vehicle dynamics control systems (VDC), as well as for running gear equipment (i.e. systems for steering, suspension, and tyres), to ensure that the data communication interchange of information between road vehicles with a maximum authorized total mass greater than 3 500 kg and their towed vehicles, including the communication between (several) towed vehicles, on a dedicated network. It does not include any other communication on that network that is not related to the communication between those vehicles.

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ISO 11992-3:2021

Road vehicles - Interchange of digital information on electrical connections between towing and towed vehicles - Part 3: Application layer for equipment other than brakes and running gear

This document specifies the application layer, the payload of messages, and parameter groups for equipment other than brakes and running gears, to ensure the interchange of digital information between road vehicles with a maximum authorized total mass greater than 3 500 kg and their towed vehicles, including communication between towed vehicles. This document supports the parameters and message sets for object detection (OD). The installation of the object detection (OD) device compliant to this document in the towed vehicle is identified by a dedicated message. Additionally, some lighting parameters and messages are specified. The conformance and interoperability test plans are not part of this document.

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ISO 11992-4:2014

Road vehicles - Interchange of digital information on electrical connections between towing and towed vehicles - Part 4: Diagnostic communication

ISO 11992-4:2014 specifies the diagnostic communication over a CAN between the towing and towed vehicle(s) of a commercial vehicle and its trailer(s), according to ISO 11992-2 or ISO 11992-3, which allows a diagnostic tester (client) to control diagnostic functions in an on-vehicle ECU (server) embedded in a road vehicle using the communication gateways between the vehicles. It defines the data link layer's specific implementation of the unified diagnostic communication requirements, mainly given in the ISO 14229 and ISO 15765 document series by additional requirements and restrictions specific to the implementation of UDS on an ISO 11992 network. ISO 11992-4:2014 does not apply to any non-diagnostic message transmission use of the communication data link between two ECUs.

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ISO 12098:2020

Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles - 15-pole connector for vehicles with 24 V nominal supply voltage

This document gives the dimensions of, and specifies the contact allocation and tests and test requirements for, 15-pole connectors for the electrical connection of equipment other than braking systems and running gear of towing and towed vehicles with 24 V nominal supply voltage. It specifies a park socket used to receive and store the plug when disconnected, and a means of adaptation between 7-pole and 15 pole connectors.

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ISO 1724:2003

Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles - 7-pole connector type 12 N (normal) for vehicles with 12 V nominal supply voltage

ISO 1724:2003 specifies the dimensions of, and contact allocation tests and requirements for, 7-pole connectors of type 12 N for the electrical connection between towing and towed vehicles with 12 V nominal supply voltage, thus ensuring interchangeability.

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ISO 25981:2020

Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles - Connectors for electronically monitored charging systems with 12 V or 24 V nominal supply voltage

This document specifies dimensional characteristics, contact allocation, tests and requirements of 7-pole connectors for electrical connections of electronically monitored charging systems of towing and towed vehicles. The electronic monitoring system is designed to detect 12 V and 24 V nominal supply voltage and to limit the current to 50 A, and this is a connector without any braking capacity. This electrical connection is intended for use with separable truck-trailer combinations in order to connect an additional battery pack of the trailer with the generator of the truck using an electronically monitored charging system. Additional battery packs in trailers are basically used with tailgate lifts, electrical forklifts or other technical equipment with high current consumption. This document further specifies a park socket used to receive and store the plug when it is disconnected.

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ISO 3731:2003

Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles - 7-pole connector type 24 S (supplementary) for vehicles with 24 V nominal supply voltage

ISO 3731:2003 specifies the dimensional characteristics of, and specific requirements for, 7-pole connectors of type 24 S and their contact allocation for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles with 24 V nominal supply voltage, thus ensuring interchangeability. A 24 S connector is intended to be used in addition to a 24 N connector according to ISO 1185 where more than 7 poles are required.

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ISO 3732:2003

Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles - 7-pole connector type 12 S (supplementary) for vehicles with 12 V nominal supply voltage

ISO 3732:2003 specifies the dimensions of, and requirements for, 7-pole connectors of type 12 S and their contact allocation for the electrical connection of towing (passenger cars or light commercial vehicles) and towed vehicles with 12 V nominal supply voltage, thus ensuring interchangeability. A 12 S connector is intended to be used in addition to a 12 N connector according to ISO 1724 where more than 7 poles are required.

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ISO 4091:2003

Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles - Definitions, tests and requirements

ISO 4091:2003 gives definitions and specifies tests and requirements for connectors used for the electrical connection of towing and towed road vehicles. It is applicable to connectors of all types used for this purpose, as specified in ISO 1185, ISO 1724, ISO 3731, ISO 3732, ISO 7638-1, ISO 7638-2, ISO 11446 and ISO 12098.

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ISO 7638-1:2018

Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles - Part 1: Connectors for braking systems and running gear of vehicles with 24 V nominal supply voltage

This part of ISO 7638 gives the dimensions of, and specifies the contact allocation and tests and test requirements for, connectors for the electrical connection of the braking systems and running gear of towing and towed vehicles with 24 V nominal supply voltage. In addition, it specifies a park socket used to receive and store the plug when disconnected.

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ISO 7638-2:2018

Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles - Part 2: Connectors for braking systems and running gear of vehicles with 12 V nominal supply voltage

This part of ISO 7638 gives the dimensions of, and specifies the contact allocation and tests and test requirements for, connectors for the electrical connection of the braking systems and running gear of towing and towed vehicles with 12 V nominal supply voltage. In addition, it specifies a park socket used to receive and store the plug when disconnected.

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ISO 1185:2003

Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and towed vehicles - 7-pole connector type 24 N (normal) for vehicles with 24 V nominal supply voltage

ISO 1185:2003 specifies the dimensions of, and gives particular requirements for, 7-pole connectors of type 24 N and their contact allocation for the electrical connection between towing and towed vehicles with 24 V nominal supply voltage, thus ensuring interchangeability.

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ISO 4009:2000

Commercial vehicles -- Location of electrical and pneumatic connections between towing vehicles and trailers

This International Standard specifies the locations of coupling devices for electrical and pneumatic connections between towing and towed commercial road vehicles. It is applicable to heavy vehicles equipped with pneumatic braking systems and 24 V electrical equipment of the following types: drawbar-trailer combinations whose towing vehicles have rear-mounted couplings or couplings mounted forward and below, and articulated vehicles.

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