Hand Held Tool Ergonomics Standards
Hand held tool ergonomic standards in this selection of standards pertain to the measurement and test methods for vibration and shock from hand held tools. They cover drills, impact wrenches, grinders, and forestry equipment such as chainsaws, brush cutters and other groups of handheld tools. Transmission of vibration, the size, weight, presence or absence of handles and their position all factor into elements of the design, selection and use of hand tools. Good resources for hand tool ergonomics are available on the OSHA site that consider hazards in general industry and specific settings such as shipyards, marine terminals, and construction. NIOSH Publication No. 2007-122: Simple Solutions: Ergonomics for Construction Workers provides useful information on some of the conditions or injuries that result from hand tools and offers solutions and recommendations on making work with hand tools easier and safer.
ISO 2041:2018
Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring - Vocabulary
This document defines terms and expressions unique to the areas of mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring.
ISO 10819:2013
Mechanical vibration and shock - Hand-arm vibration - Measurement and evaluation of the vibration transmissibility of gloves at the palm of the hand
ISO 10819:2013 specifies a method for the laboratory measurement, data analysis, and reporting of the vibration transmissibility of a glove with a vibration-reducing material that covers the palm, fingers, and thumb of the hand. ISO 10819:2013 specifies vibration transmissibility in terms of vibration transmitted from a handle through a glove to the palm of the hand in one-third-octave frequency bands with centre frequencies of 25 Hz to 1 250 Hz.
ANSI/ASA S2.70-2006 (R2020)
American National Standard Guide for the Measurement and Evaluation of Human Exposure to Vibration Transmitted to the Hand
This standard specifies the recommended method for the measurement, data analysis and evaluation, vibration and health risk assessments, and reporting of hand-transmitted vibration exposure. The methods specified in this standard are to be used to characterize and evaluate vibration impinging on the hands of humans and to give guidance on assessing the potential for this vibration to result in pathology related to hand-arm vibration exposure among the users of hand-held percussive or vibrating devices, tools, and work pieces.
ISO 28927-1:2019
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 1: Angle and vertical grinders
This document specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held power-driven angle and vertical grinders. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine fitted with a specified test wheel and run under no load conditions. The method has been established for surface grinding tasks only. Cutting and sanding generally create lower vibrations. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. This document is applicable to hand-held machines (see Clause 5), driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for grinding, cutting-off and rough sanding, with bonded, coated and super-abrasive products and with wire brushes for use on all kinds of materials. It is not applicable to die grinders or straight grinders. NOTE To avoid confusion with the terms power tool and inserted tool , machine is used for the former throughout this document.
ISO 28927-2:2009
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 2: Wrenches, nutrunners and screwdrivers
ISO 28927-2:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held power-driven wrenches, nutrunners and screwdrivers used for tightening and loosening threaded fasteners. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine when operating at a specified load. The method has been tested for fastening tasks only. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-2:2009 is applicable to hand-held machines, driven pneumatically or by other means, with impact or impulse action, of shut-off, ratchet or stall type, and of all designs straight, pistol grip, angle or bow handle. It covers machines with 6,3 mm to 40 mm (1/4 in to 1½ in) male or female drive output shafts, as well as other geometries. It is not applicable to nutrunners designed to be used only in torque reaction arms.
ISO 28927-3:2009
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 3: Polishers and rotary, orbital and random orbital sanders
ISO 28927-3:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held, power-driven, portable polishers and rotary, orbital and random orbital sanders used for surface-finishing processes, not for material removal. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine when operating under type-test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-3:2009 is applicable to hand-held machines driven pneumatically or by other means. It is not applicable to straight grinders equipped with a sanding wheel or to belt sanders.
ISO 28927-4:2010
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 4: Straight grinders
ISO 28927-4:2010 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of straight grinders. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine fitted with a specified test wheel and run under no-load conditions. ISO 28927-4:2010 is applicable to hand-held machines, driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for grinding and surface finishing using straight grinding wheels type 1, tapered wheels type 4 and cylindrical plugs, e.g. of type 16 (cylindrical plug, tapered cone), 18 (cylindrical plug, flat end), 18R (cylindrical plug, rounded end) and 19 (cylindrical plug, taper-roll shaped), for use on all kinds of materials. It is not applicable to grinders used with wire brushes, nor is it applicable to die grinders where the inserted tool is mounted in a collet.
ISO 28927-5:2009
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 5: Drills and impact drills
ISO 28927-5:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held, power-driven drills and impact drills. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a drill fitted with a drill bit. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-5:2009 is applicable to straight drills, drills with a pistol grip and angle drills intended for drilling holes with rotating or impact action in all kinds of materials (see Clause 5), driven pneumatically or by other means. It is not applicable to heavy-duty drills with a screw feed or drills driven by a combustion engine.
ISO 28927-6:2009
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 6: Rammers
ISO 28927-6:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held, power-driven rammers. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine run under specified test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-6:2009 is applicable to rammers, back-fill rammers, pawing rammers, sand rammers and stampers, driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for use in foundries, on building sites, etc., and with, for example, butts or peens made of cast iron or rubber, used for ramming of casting sand or in stamping work.
ISO 28927-7:2009
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 7: Nibblers and shears
ISO 28927-7:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held, power-driven nibblers and shears. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine run under specified test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-7:2009 is applicable to nibblers and shears, driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for cutting sheet metal or composite materials.
ISO 28927-8:2009
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 8: Saws, polishing and filing machines with reciprocating action and small saws with oscillating or rotating action
ISO 28927-8:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held, power-driven saws, polishing and filing machines with reciprocating action and small saws with oscillating or rotating action. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine run under specified test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-8:2009 is applicable to reciprocating files intended for surface finishing equipped with a file or polishing tool, saws intended for parting sheets, plaster for medical use or wood, or equipped with a saw blade for use on all kinds of materials, and small circular saws primarily intended for cutting metal or composite materials, whether driven pneumatically or by other means. It is not applicable to files that are normally used with one hand on the file blade, nor to large circular saws intended for cutting wood.
ISO 28927-9:2009
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 9: Scaling hammers and needle scalers
ISO 28927-9:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held, power-driven scaling hammers and needle scalers. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine run under specified test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-9:2009 is applicable to engraving pens, scabblers, scaling hammers and needle scalers, driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for paint, rust or scale removal with reciprocating work tools or needles and for all kinds of materials.
ISO 28927-11:2011
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 11: Stone hammers
ISO 28927-11:2011 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held stone hammers. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a stone hammer when operated in laboratory conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-11:2011 is applicable to engraving pens and stone hammers intended for use by stone masons, driven pneumatically or by other means. It is not applicable to demolition hammers or to chipping hammers primarily intended for use on metal or in construction.
ISO 28927-12:2012
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 12: Die grinders
ISO 28927-12:2012 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held power driven portable die grinders. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of the machines where operating under type test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-12:2012 is applicable to hand-held machines, driven pneumatically or by other means, equipped with a collet and intended for deburring operations using hard metal burrs or mounted points, on different materials ranging from hard steel to plastics. It is also applicable to low-speed die grinders using flap wheels or cylindrical sleeves.
ISO 8662-11:1999
Hand-held portable power tools -- Measurement of vibrations at the handle -- Part 11: Fastener driving tools
This part of ISO 8662 specifies a laboratory method for measuring the single-event vibration at the handle of fastener driving tools, where a single event is a mechanical shock or a series of individual shocks at intervals longer than 0,2 s. It is a type test procedure for establishing the vibration value in the handle of a hand-held power tool operating under a specified load. For fastener driving tools to which this part of ISO 8662 is applicable, the power required for operation can be supplied by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure, combustible gases in an internal combustion engine or from spring tension. The fastener driving tools may be actuated by single actuation, contact actuation or continuous actuation. This part of ISO 8662 is applicable to fasteners comprising nails, staples, pins, corrugated fasteners, screws used as nails, dowels, sleeves, cable collars and base supports. It is intended that the results of application of this part of ISO 8662 be used for comparing different models of the same type of power tool.
ISO/TS 15694:2004
Mechanical vibration and shock - Measurement and evaluation of single shocks transmitted from hand-held and hand-guided machines to the hand-arm system
ISO/TS 15694:2004 specifies methods for measuring single shocks at the handle(s) of hand-held and hand-guided machinery characterized by a maximum strike rate below 5 Hz. ISO/TS 15694:2004 also defines additional requirements for the measuring instrumentation which is necessary for the evaluation of shocks. The aim is to facilitate the gathering of emission and human exposure data in order to provide a basis for emission declaration and for the future development of exposure risk criteria. However, ISO/TS 15694:2004 does not provide methods for the interpretation of the potential human effects of single shocks. It is therefore a basis for measurement and evaluation of emission of single shocks from hand-held and hand-guided machinery but does not cover the evaluation of human exposure.
ISO/TR 27609:2007
Vibration in hand-held tools - Vibration measurement methods for grinders - Evaluation of round-robin test
ISO/TR 27609:2007 presents an evaluation of a round-robin test of vibration measurement methods for determining vibration in hand-held grinders. The aim of the round-robin test was to establish a test method that could meet the requirement of ISO 20643 for measurement of vibration emissions in three directions, for accordance with the planned-to-be-revised ISO 8662-4.
