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Weld Testing

Metallic weld testing standards are published by ISO and MIL. ISO publishes standards on a variety of nondestructive and destructive test methods on resistance spot, projection, and seam welds. The standards listed cover the Vickers and Knoop hardness tests in welded connections and covers testing done by specific instruments such as laser and electron beam welds. In addition, MIL-STD-2149A(1) NOT 2 covers explosion testing for welds in military applications.

ISO 17635:2016

Non-destructive testing of welds - General rules for metallic materials

ISO 17635:2016 gives guidelines for the choice of non-destructive testing (NDT) methods for welds and evaluation of the results for quality control purposes, based on quality requirements, material, weld thickness, welding process and extent of testing. ISO 17635:2016 also specifies general rules and standards to be applied to the different types of testing, for either the methodology or the acceptance levels for metallic materials. Acceptance levels cannot be a direct interpretation of the quality levels defined in ISO 5817 or ISO 10042. They are linked to the overall quality of the produced batch of welds. Requirements for acceptance levels for NDT comply with quality levels stated in ISO 5817 or ISO 10042 (moderate, intermediate, stringent) only on a general basis and not in detail for each indication. Annex A gives correlations between quality, NDT and acceptance level standards. Annex B gives an overview of the standards linked to quality levels, acceptance levels and NDT methods.

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ISO 14271:2017

Resistance welding - Vickers hardness testing (low-force and microhardness) of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds

ISO 14271:2017 specifies the procedures for the hardness testing of etched cross-sections of resistance spot, projection, and seam welds. The aim of the hardness tests is to determine the Vickers hardness, in the low-force or microhardness range, of the weld nugget, the heat affected zone, and parent material in ferrous or non-ferrous metals for welds made in sheets of thickness 0,5 mm to 6 mm.

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ISO 9015-1:2001

Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials -- Hardness testing -- Part 1: Hardness test on arc welded joints

This part of ISO 9015 specifies hardness tests on transverse sections of arc welded joints of metallic materials. It covers Vickers hardness tests in accordance with ISO 6507-1, normally with test loads of 49,03 N or 98,07 N (HV 5 or HV 10). However, the principles may be applied to Brinell hardness testing (with appropriate testing loads of HB 2,5/15,625 or HB 1/2,5) in accordance with ISO 6506-1 and micro hardness testing in accordance with ISO 6507-1 and ISO 9015-2.

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ISO 9015-2:2016

Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials - Hardness testing - Part 2: Microhardness testing of welded joints

ISO 9015-2:2016 specifies microhardness testing on transverse sections of welded joints of metallic materials with high hardness gradients. It covers Vickers hardness tests in accordance with ISO 6507 1, normally with test loads of 0,98 N to less than 49 N (HV 0,1 to less than HV 5). NOTE Testing ensures that the highest and/or the lowest level of hardness of both parent materials (in the case of dissimilar materials both parent materials) and weld metal is determined. ISO 9015-2:2016 is not applicable to hardness testing of welds with loads of 49,03 N and above, which is covered by ISO 9015 1. ISO 9015-2:2016 is not applicable to Vickers hardness testing of resistance spot, projection and seam welds, which is covered by ISO 14271. This part of ISO 9015 is not applicable to hardness testing of very narrow welds, e.g. those typically produced by laser and electron beam welding (see ISO 22826).

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ISO 22826:2005

Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials - Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests)

ISO 22826:2005 specifies the requirements for hardness testing of transverse sections of narrow laser and electron beam welded joints in metallic materials. It covers Vickers and Knoop hardness tests in accordance with ISO 6507-1 and ISO 4545, respectively, with test forces of 0,098 N to just under 98 N (HV 0,01 to just under HV 10) for the Vickers hardness test and test forces up to and including 9,8 N (just under HK 1) for the Knoop hardness test. It is applicable to welds made with or without filler wire. It may not be applicable to the testing of wider hybrid laser/arc welds.

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MIL-STD-2149A(1) NOT 2

Standard Procedures For Explosion Testing Ferrous And Non-Ferrous Metallic Materials And Weldments (See Notice 2 For Replacement Information)

Document Status: Cancelled. Information and documents presented here are works of the U.S. Government and are not subject to copyright protection in the U.S. The source of these documents is the U.S. Department of Defense

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