Pipes used for Wastewater
Standards for wastewater structures deal with physical structural components, such as supports, pipes, pumps, and gates, setting out to promote the use of interoperable and reliable parts within a larger system. While these standards focus on the physical elements that contain and guide the wastewater, rather than the wastewater itself, they nevertheless remain an important part of the standardization effort for wastewater management.
ASCE MOP 119-2009
Buried Flexible Steel Pipe - Design and Structural Analysis
This manual provides appropriate analytical concepts to address the principles of buried steel pipe design and attempts to correct misusage of the 1958 Modified Iowa Formula. The most current work of Dr. Reynold K. Watkins and others is presented in this book to develop the external loading design concepts provided. The goal of Buried Flexible Steel Pipe is to offer sound information on the structural design and analysis of buried steel pipe - for water and wastewater - consistent with the latest pipe/soil design concepts of the industry. In conjunction with the external design of the pipe/soil interaction, the manual addresses internal pressure design, vacuum and external fluid pressure analysis, and many other non-standard conditions pipe designers will likely encounter. This manual will be valuable to students and professionals involved in pipe design and construction.
IAPMO IGC 270-2008
Longitudinally welded hot-dip galvanized steel pipe and fittings for wastewater systems
This standard applies to longitudinally welded hot-dip galvanized steel pipe and fittingsfor wastewater systems and covers general requirements and performance tests forsuch products, in addition to method of markings and identification.Components within this system comprise of longitudinally welded hot-dip galvanizedsteel pipe and fittings having spigot and socket end connections usually operating undergravity or at a low head of pressure.
AWWA C905-10
Polyvinyl Chloride (Pvc) Pressure Pipe & Fabricated Fittings, 14 In Thru 48 In (350 Mm Thru 1,200 Mm) For Water Transmission And Distribution
Pipe manufactured to this standard is generally well suited for conveying potable water, reclaimed water, irrigation water, wastewater, or any fluid compatible with non-plasticized PVC.
ISO 9349:2017
Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints - Thermal preinsulated products
ISO 9349:2017 specifies the requirements and test methods applicable to preinsulated ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for the construction of pipelines (or parts thereof): - to convey water (e.g. potable water), wastewater and other liquids; - to be operated with or without pressure; - to be installed below or above ground; - to limit temperature variations of the conveyed fluids. These pipelines are mainly used to prevent the water to be conveyed from freezing by providing external insulation. NOTE 1 In this document, all pressures are relative pressures expressed in bars[1]). ISO 9349:2017 gives, in addition to the specifications of the existing International Standards for the conveying ductile iron pipes and fittings, specifications for materials, dimensions and tolerances, mechanical and thermal properties of the thermal insulation layer and external casing of preinsulated ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories. ISO 9349:2017 covers preinsulated ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories of a size range extending from DN 60 to DN 600 inclusive, which are as follows: - manufactured with socketed, flanged or spigot ends for jointing by means of various types of gaskets which are not within the scope of this document; - preinsulated in the works (excluding on site application of the insulation layer and/or the casing); - normally delivered internally and externally coated; - intended for fluid temperatures from 0 °C to 50 °C, excluding frost. NOTE 2 Other applications are possible by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser. [1]) 100 kPa = 1 bar.
ASTM C923/C923M-20
Standard Specification for Resilient Connectors Between Reinforced Concrete Manhole Structures, Pipes, and Laterals
1.1 This specification covers the minimum performance and material requirements for resilient connectors used for connections between reinforced concrete manholes conforming to Specification C478/C478M and pipes, between wastewater structures and pipes, and between precast reinforced concrete pipe and laterals. 1.1.1 These connectors are designed to minimize leakage between the pipe and manhole, and between the pipe and lateral. 1.2 The values stated in inch pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. Note 1: This specification covers the design, material, and performance of the resilient connection only. Connections covered by this specification are adequate for hydrostatic pressures up to 13 psi (30 ft) [90 kPa (9.1 m)] without leakage when tested in accordance with Section 7 . Infiltration or exfiltration quantities for an installed system are dependent upon many factors other than the connections between manhole structures and pipe, and allowable quantities must be covered by other specifications and suitable testing of the installed pipeline and system. 1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7 , of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precaution statement, see 7.2.5 . 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM F2946-12(2021)
Standard Specification for PVC Hub and Elastomeric Seal (Gasket) Tee Connection for Joining Plastic Pipe to Insitu Pipelines and Manholes
1.1 This specification covers the minimum performance and material requirements for a three piece tee connector for connection between plastic pipe and insitu pipes, manholes and wastewater structures in sanitary and storm sewer applications. 1.1.1 The three piece seal system consists of a 4 through 30-in. PVC (polyvinyl chloride) hub pipe, an elastomeric seal (gasket) and a mechanical band ( Fig. 1 ). The system is installed in either a bored or cast hole opening in the host pipe or structure to a specific dimension that corresponds to the combined diameter of the PVC pipe outside diameter/tolerance and the elastomeric seal thickness. FIG. 1 Three-Piece Sealing System (Connector) 1.2 These tee connectors are designed to provide a non-pressure (gravity flow) watertight connection between the incoming pipe and an insitu pipe or manhole/structure to the limits defined in this standard. Note 1: Connections covered by this specification are adequate for laboratory hydrostatic pressures up to 13 psi (30 ft of head) without leakage when tested in accordance with the provisions of this standard. Infiltration or exfiltration quantities for an installed system are dependent upon many factors other than the connections between incoming pipe and the insitu pipe or manhole structure, and allowable quantities may need to be covered by other specifications and suitable testing of the installed pipeline and system. Where connections are made to concrete manhole sections refer to Specification C923 . Note 2: These connectors are not resilient connectors, and as such, allow for only a limited amount of lateral movement due to the tight compression seal between the PVC hub and insitu pipe/structure. Since these connectors are not rigid fittings, a significant amount of axial movement can be accommodated, but the degree of intrusion into the host pipe/structure must be regulated to minimize the impact on flow characteristics or hydraulic design conditions. 1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7 , of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precaution statement, see Section 7 . 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
